The assessment of Danau Kota Lake water quality using chemometrics approach

Juahir, Hafizan; Ghazali, Adiana; Ismail, Azimah; Mohamad, Mahadzirah; Hamzah, Firdaus Mohamad; Sudianto, Sunardi; Lasim, Mohd Lokman Mohd; Shahriz, Mohamed Aidi

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/621/1/012019

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In stepwise selection, the two techniques are combined as variables are added one at a time. The variables are re-examined at each step to determine if any have become redundant and will be dropped (Juahir et al 2018).…”

Section: Discriminant Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of rainwater quality before and during the MCO using chemometric analyses

Ariffin

Juahir

Umar

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study aimedto classify the spatiotemporal analysis of rainwater quality before and during the Movement Control Order (MCO) implementation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Chemometric analysis was carried out on rainwater samples collected from 24-gauge stations throughout Malaysia to determine the samples' chemical content, pH, and conductivity. Other than that, hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were used to classify the quality of rainwater at each location into four clusters, namely good, satisfactory, moderate, and bad clusters. Note that DA was carried out on the predefined clusters. The reduction in acidity levels occurred in 11 stations (46% of overall stations) after the MCO was implemented. Chemical content and ion abundance followed a downward trend, indicating that Cl − and Na + were the most dominant among the anions and cations. Apart from that, NH 4 + , Ca 2+ , NO 3 − , and SO 4 2− concentrations were evident in areas with significant anthropogenic activity, as there was a difference in the total chemical content in rainwater when compared before and during the MCO. Based on the dataset before the MCO, 75% of gauge stations were in the good cluster, 8.3% in the satisfactory cluster, 12.5% in the moderate cluster, and 4.2% in the bad cluster. Meanwhile, the dataset during the MCO shows that 72.7% of gauge stations were in the good cluster, 9.1% in the satisfactory cluster, 9.1% in the moderate, and 4.5% in the bad cluster. From this study, the chemometric analysis of the year 2020 rainwater chemical composite dataset strongly indicates that reduction of human activities during MCO affected the quality of rainwater.

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Section: Discriminant Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of rainwater quality before and during the MCO using chemometric analyses

Ariffin

Juahir

Umar

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Numerous studies reported salinity distribution and interference are the pivotal environmental factors influencing the survival and distribution of species in estuaries [10,11]. Since salinity is a conservative material, its time and space variance would be primarily due to its advection and flow dispersion [12,13]. Naturally, the seawater intrusion into river mouths mostly due to increasing sea levels, river discharge and breaching coastal areas [14,15].…”

Section: Water Salinity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Flood Mitigation Project on the River Water Salinity

et al. 2022

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The impact of flood mitigation project in the Kemaman River Basin was assessed in this study. Salinity intrusion was simulated in the study area by 1D numerical model. A 1-D hydrodynamic model coupled with a salinity model was used to analyze the salinity intrusion within Chukai River after the implementation of the flood mitigation project. The model was calibrated and validated using the data measured in Chukai River at 3 points from January 2007 until August 2013. Water quality simulation of salinity has been carried out once an excellent hydrodynamic model was established. The simulated river flow was reasonably matched to the measured data with R2 value 0.88, 0.92 and 0.82, respectively. Results suggest that after the realignment of Chukai River, the seawater intrudes further to the upstream river, causing the increasing salinity in the river about 10 - 15 ppt. However, with the floodway development, the channel would allow more water from Kemaman River being discharged into Chukai River. Increased in the volume of water in Chukai River has led to seawater dilution. Further, it invades the unique stretch of Chukai River and takes the salinity back to the initial state. Findings from the implementation of the flood mitigation project in the Kemaman river basin has benefitted the local society, watershed, and the surrounding biota ecosystems. Importantly, a greater prevention with the risk of repetitive flood damage to the buildings and structures in Kemaman area which has significantly achievable. HIGHLIGHTS Salinity model is used for flood mitigation project High salinity in Chukai river resulted from seawater intrusion Hydrodynamic model is to assess the water quality simulation

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“…In 2012, the Malaysian government imposed new rainwater harvesting system at large commercial and residential buildings, such as bungalows and semi-detached houses, to install a rainwater harvesting system under the Uniform Building By-Laws 1984 [44]. [45][46][47][48]. To date, limited studies were reported where multivariate statistical techniques were applied in rainwater study.…”

Section: East Malaysia Climate and Rainwater Blessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of rainwater harvested in East Malaysia

Abdullah

Ismail

Juahir

et al. 2021

Environmental Engineering Research

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As part of the implementation of a rainwater harvesting system as an alternative water source supply for nonpotable use, therefore the characteristic of chemical compounds was significantly explored. The Department of Chemistry, Malaysia, gave the data set for three years (2017-2019). Some chemometric techniques, including PCA, were performed to identify the dimensionality of the rainwater data, hence establishing the rainfall index's purity to determine the quality of rainwater in the study area. Discriminant analysis managed to differentiate each rain gauge station. Cluster analysis was then applied to perform smaller group of rain gauge stations. The result demonstrates that sea salt, secondary aerosols, trace metals, crustal origin, and organic acid dominated the dimensionality of rainwater data with a total variance of 53.38% and indicated that the PRI was significantly diversified into good purity of rainfall index (GPRI), (Labuan and Danum Valley), moderate purity of rainfall index (MPRI), (Kuching and Tawau) and bad purity of rainfall index (BPRI), (Kota Kinabalu and Bintulu). From the study, it can be stipulated that the chemical composition of rainwater in the study area was attributable to the local activities.

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The assessment of Danau Kota Lake water quality using chemometrics approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Comparison of rainwater quality before and during the MCO using chemometric analyses

Comparison of rainwater quality before and during the MCO using chemometric analyses

Impact of Flood Mitigation Project on the River Water Salinity

Chemical composition of rainwater harvested in East Malaysia

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