The Assessment of Fluorophores Advanced Glycation End Products-to-Kynurenine Ratio in Healthy and Diabetic Rats and Humans

Abstract

In this study, we calculated the ratio of the serum contributions of two highly studied fluorophore products (advanced glycation end productsAGEs and kynurenine -KYN) in the area of nutrition and metabolic diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM), by using a non-invasive, economical and easy-to-perform method. Blood serum spectrofluorimetric analysis was performed both in the case of normoglycemic (n=10) and diabetic rats (n=10), and in the case of non-diabetic (n=14) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (n=52). Our results showed a significant increase in the contributions of the two products in diabetic patients and rats compared to the control group. The ratio of the two compounds was positively correlated with serum glucose levels in the case of rats, and with serum triglyceride values in the case of humans. Also, the presence of DM complications in human subjects and the subsequent calculation of ROC curves led to a predictive value of the investigated ratio (AGEs/KYN) for the presence of peripheral diabetic polyneuropathy (PNP). The obtained results suggest a high potential for the investigated ratio to be considered as a new biomarker for the presence of PNP.

Paraclinical Investigations in the Pathology of the Urinary System in Dogs

“…In these patients, one of the exams performed was spectrofluorimetric analysis ( Figure 5). For the interpretation of the results, in the literature, an attribution of the emission bands obtained was first performed, followed by the Gaussian fitting of the spectra obtained (Olar et al,2017;Olar et al 2018).This technique can identify the urinary fluororophores whose concentration can significantly increase in diabetic comparatively with non-diabetic animals (Olar et al, 2017).…”

“…By using theultrasound examination, structural changes in the renal parenchyma, topographical, dimensional and structural changes of the bladder, the existence of urinary bladder stones, the presence of diffuse tumor processes, solid or cystic tumors andthe presence of retroperitoneal masses can be evidenced (Barr and O'Brien, 2009;Froes et al, 2007;Hann et al, 1994;Hanson et al, 2001;Kealy, 2005;Sato and Solano, 2004;Schelling et al, 1988). Spectrofluorimetry is used to evidence urine fluorophores in patients with a suspicion of diabetes (Olar et al, 2018;Šteffeková et al, 2015;Yanagisawa et al, 1998). Serum biochemistry is used to determine blood urea, serum creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, bicarbonate and electrolytes.…”