The assessment of hand function: A critical review of techniques

Jones, Lynette A.

doi:10.1016/0363-5023(89)90010-5

Cited by 72 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Finally, it should be noted that our results are at least roughly consistent with the results of previous, closely related experiments (e.g., see the review by Jones, 1989, as well as the review by Clark & Horch, 1986). In most of these experiments, the task consisted of distinguishing among different weights.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Manual discrimination of force using active finger motion

Pang

Tan

Durlach

1991

Perception & Psychophysics

191

114

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In these experiments, two plates were grasped between the thumb and-forefinger and-squeezed together along a linear track. An electromechanical system presented a constant resistance force during the squeeze up to a predetermined location on the track, whereupon the force effectively went to infinity (simulating a wall) or to zero (simulating a cliff). The task of the subject was to discriminate between two alternative levels of the constant resistanceforce~areference level and a reference-plus-increment level). Results of these experiments indicate a just noticeable difference of roughly 7% of the reference force using a one-interval paradigm with trial-by-trial feedback over the ranges 2.5 F 0 10.0newtons, 5 D 30 mm, 45 S 125 mm, and 25s V 160 mmlsec, where F 0 is the reference force, D is the distance squeezed, S is the initial fingerspan, and V is the mean velocity of the squeeze. These results, based on tests with 5 subjects, are consistent with a wide range of previous results, some of which are associated with other body surfaces and muscle systems and many of which were obtained with different psychophysical methods. This is the second in a series of papers concerned with the manual perception of objects, and, more specifically, with the ability to distinguish between different objects manually (i.e., with manual resolution). In the first paper, we reported the results of a variety of experiments in which the subject was required to discriminate or identify object length by means of the finger-span method (Durlach et al., 1989). In these experiments, a rigid object was grasped between the terminal pads of the thumb and forefinger, and object length was estimated by sensing the differential position of these pads. In the present series of experiments, an object was again grasped between the terminal pads of the thumb and forefinger; in this case, however, the object was not rigid, and the task was to squeeze the object and estimate the resistance force. The experimental apparatus was designed in such a way that the force was constant over the displacement resulting from the squeeze, the force was varied between squeezes, and the task was to discriminate between two alternative levels of the force. In the length-resolution task, the response is derived from estimates of finger position. In the current task, the response is derived from estimates of finger force. In both cases, perceptual cues This work wassupported by ONR Grants N00014-88-K-0338, N00014-89-J-3247, and N00014-90-J-1935, NJ}l Grant 2-R01-DC00126-11, Fairchild foundation funds awarded to X. D. Pang, and a Chu Fellowship to H. Z. Tan. The support and contributions of John Hollerbach at all levels of this work are greatly appreciated. We would also like to thank Bill Rabinowitz for his help with the instrumentation and other aspects ofthe work. We appreciate the contributions of Younes Borki, Lorraine Delhorne, Mary Hou, and Mandayain Srinivasan. are available from both the cutaneous sensory system and the kinesthetic/proprioceptive sensory sys...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Manual discrimination of force using active finger motion

Pang

Tan

Durlach

1991

Perception & Psychophysics

191

114

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“…2 However, speed is not synonymous with hand function. 42,43 Other factors, such as grip strength, inherent stability of the hand, and proprioception, contribute to overall functionality. Because essential hand function and the speed of task performance are determined by the hand's ability to form a natural and optimal prehensile structure, the time taken to execute a task will correlated strongly with function.…”

Section: Establishing Standardizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a standardized clinical assessment tool of pathologic and prosthetic hand function: Normative data, reliability, and validity

Light

Chappell

Kyberd

2002

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

345

332

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ABSTRACT. Light CM, Chappell PH, Kyberd PJ. Establishing a standardized clinical assessment tool of pathologic and prosthetic hand function: normative data, reliability, and validity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002;83:776-83.Objective: To develop a new assessment procedure, the Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure (SHAP), that allows contextual results of hand function to be obtained readily in a clinical environment.Design: Reliability (test-retest, interrater) and validity (criterion, content) of new assessment procedure against standard medical outcome measure techniques.Setting: Normative data collected in a university laboratory. Participants: Twenty-four volunteers selected on the basis of optimum hand function using these criteria: age (range, 18-25y), and no adverse hand trauma, neurologic condition, or disabling effects of the upper limb.Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures:The normative control group was assessed for variability, and the procedure measured in terms of interrater and test-retest reliability. The absence of a direct comparison prevents a criterion standard from being established; however, content validity was shown by expert peer review.Results: The control group data were shown to be multivariate gaussian; test-retest and interrater reliability were demonstrated at the 95% confidence level. The content validity was demonstrated by peer panel approval.Conclusions: Results of the control group established the statistical integrity of SHAP. Clinical trials are underway, although more extensive use of the procedure is advocated in primary care and rehabilitation centers where physiotherapy and occupational therapy are actively used in hand rehabilitation.

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“…It had been shown to have a very high test-retest reliabillty and its force of application can be controlled. However, slippage of the filament on application and improper st()rage can decrease its rellability (Callahan, 1984;Jones, 1989;Levin, 1978).…”

Section: Sensibility Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be tested with paper clips, or calipers with blunt ends such as the B"ley gauge. However the reliability of these instruments is questionable because of the variability ln the amount of force applied and the angle of application of the force (Callahan, 1984;Jones, 1989). The 2 point aestheslometer consisting of 2 parallel filaments has been suggested as being the most reliable instrument for measuring 2pd.…”

Section: Sensibility Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Determination of Sensory Deficits in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

et al. 1995

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Cerebral paisy is a non-progressive disorder associated with brain in jury, detect, or dlsease, of early onset. Emphasis IS placed on the more easily observable motor deficits, with any underlying sensory deficits often being overlooked. Existing sensory assessments have either been standardized on an adult population or for a paediatric population without significant neuromotor impalrment. Thus, there is a need to formulate a standardized sensory assessment battery that may be used to evaluate physically handicapped children. A review of the literature hlghlights the necessity to evaluate the presence and extent of sensory dysfunction in school-age hemipleglc children, us mg a standardlzed clinical sensory assessment battery, as weil as somatosensory evoked potentials.A relJable sensory battery, which asses ses 5 sensory modalltl8s, was formulated and normative data for school-age chlldren was derived. Sensory function was evaluated in 9 hemiplegic children (4-19 years) and 18 healthy age-matched controls. Significant bilateral sensory deficits were documented in hemiplegic childr9n. Thus a sensory assessment should be an integral part of the evaluation of a child with hemiplegia .

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The assessment of hand function: A critical review of techniques

Cited by 72 publications

References 45 publications

Manual discrimination of force using active finger motion

Manual discrimination of force using active finger motion

Establishing a standardized clinical assessment tool of pathologic and prosthetic hand function: Normative data, reliability, and validity

The Determination of Sensory Deficits in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

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