The assessment of processes controlling the spatial distribution of hydrogeochemical groundwater types in Mali using multivariate statistics

Keita, Souleymane; Tang, Zhonghua

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.07.023

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The Minitab 18.1 and STATISTICA software were used to analyze the groundwater chemistry data in this study. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) [15,22,23] was applied to extract the main factors controlling the groundwater chemistry of each aquifer type and reduce the secondary factors. The rotation of the principal components (PCs) was performed using the varimax method.…”

Section: Multivariate Statistical Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Groundwater Mineralization Process, Quality, and Isotopic Recharge Origin in the Sahel Region in Africa

Sidibe

Lin

Kone³

2019

Water

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In the Sahel region in Africa, and in most arid regions, groundwater is the crucial source for water supply since surface water is scarce. This study aimed to understand a complex geochemical mechanism controlling the mineralization process in the Taoudeni Basin. A thousand randomly distributed groundwater samples acquired from different aquifers were used for this research. The results show that the majority of the samples observed are of the Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3− and Na+-HCO3− types depending on the different aquifers. Mg2+ and Ca2+ may react with HCO3− precipitating as calcite and dolomite. The Na+-HCO3− groundwater type is mainly derived from the ion exchange process. This type indicates a paleo-marine depositional environment or that it passes through paleo-marine channels. Calcium of the standard Ca2+-HCO3− groundwater type exchanges with the sodium. Groundwater is characterized by the water-rock interactions that indicate the chemical alteration of the rock-forming minerals influencing its quality by a dissolution. The δ2H and δ18O stable isotopes designate the evaporation importance in the basin and recharge with recent rain. The bicarbonate-type presence in groundwater suggests that it is young and fresh water. Multivariate statistical methods, notably Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, confirm affinities among the aquifers and identify three main clusters grouped into two water types. Cluster 1 consists of Infra-Cambrian and Quaternary aquifers, whereas cluster2 includes the Precambrian basement and Permian-Triassic aquifers.

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Section: Multivariate Statistical Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Groundwater Mineralization Process, Quality, and Isotopic Recharge Origin in the Sahel Region in Africa

Sidibe

Lin

Kone³

2019

Water

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“…As shown in Table 3, TDS was strongly correlated with Ca 2+ , Na + and HCO 3 − (r > 0.7) and moderately correlated with Mg 2+ , Cl − and SO 4 2− , which indicates that the groundwater salinities were mainly controlled by these ions due to the dissolution of minerals or concentration by evaporation [61,62]. HCO 3 − was related to Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ with high correlation coefficients (Table 3), which suggests the possibility of carbonate weathering and dissolution [63,64]. Generally, weathering and dissolution of carbonates such as calcite and dolomite during irrigation, rainfall infiltration and groundwater movement are the major sources of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and HCO 3 − as follows: [65].…”

Section: Hydrochemical Origin and Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…HCO3 − was related to Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ with high correlation coefficients (Table 3), which suggests the possibility of carbonate weathering and dissolution [63,64]. Generally, weathering and dissolution of carbonates such as calcite and dolomite during irrigation, rainfall infiltration and groundwater movement are the major sources of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and HCO3 − as follows: To further understand the hydrogeochemical processes regulating the groundwater quality, a correlation analysis was performed and a bivariate diagram was constructed [58].…”

Section: Hydrochemical Origin and Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Shallow Groundwater Quality and Its Controlling Factors in the Su-Xi-Chang Region, Eastern China

Sun

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Understanding factors influencing groundwater quality is critical to the development of best management practices at the large watershed scale. In this study, the shallow groundwater (10–20 m depth) in the Su-Xi-Chang region, eastern China, was investigated as part of a monitoring program from 2007 to 2008 to analyze the regional groundwater quality as well as the hydrogeochemical processes and their controlling factors. Conventional physicochemical water parameters (pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus), major cations (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and NH4+) and anions (Cl−, NO3− and SO42−) were measured. Hydrochemical methods and multivariate statistical methods were applied to analyze the hydrogeochemical signatures, origins, the similarities among the variables and to identify the main pollution sources in the groundwater. The results showed that (1) the concentrations of TDS (224.89–1086.70 mg/L) and turbidity (0.1–18.60 NTU) were higher than the class II groundwater quality standards in China and the WHO drinking water standards, (2) there were extremely high concentrations of ammonia (0.01–32.90 mg/L), with a mean value of 0.72 mg/L and (3) the nitrate concentrations (average value of 22.07 mg/L) exceeded the class III groundwater quality standards. The study also provided evidence that weathering, dissolution of carbonate, halite and silicate and cation exchange were the possible primary hydrogeochemical control mechanisms in the groundwater. The sources of ammonia, total phosphorus, sulfates and nitrates included rock–water interactions and anthropogenic activities. The groundwater administration of pollution sinks and sources, long-term legal frameworks and economic incentives should be improved to optimize watershed scale management in the context of rapid development in China.

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“…Agricultural water refers to water used for irrigation and rural livestock. Due to the construction of efficient water-saving projects and the widespread promotion of water-saving irrigation in this area [11,23], the usage of groundwater resources from agricultural consumption has been controlled to a certain extent. The proportion of ecological water consumption has increased year by year, from 11.29% in 2010 to 42.14% in 2020.…”

Section: Analysis Of Water Supply and Water Use Situation In Beijingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accurate evaluation of the carrying capacity of groundwater resources is of great significance to the utilization degree of groundwater resources, economic development, the benign cycle of ecological environment and the sustainable development of groundwater resources [23][24][25][26]. International studies on the carrying capacity of groundwater resources have been extended to the theory of sustainable development [27], which studies whether the carrying capacity can provide a measure of security from the perspective of urban water supply and agricultural production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Evaluation of Variation Characteristics in Groundwater Resources Carrying Capacity in Beijing between 2010 and 2020

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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The problems of water shortages and groundwater overexploitation are serious in Beijing. Resources are over-exploited to meet the industrial needs of various sectors, and the capacity of groundwater resources to support economic development is also reduced. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the evaluation of regional groundwater resources carrying capacity from the perspective of time and space. This study evaluates the groundwater resource carrying capacity of Beijing from time and space by using the function between water use efficiency and groundwater availability constructed by regional water supply, consumption data and GDP data. The results show that: The proportion of groundwater in water supply in Beijing has decreased and it was still one of the main sources of water supply from 2010 to 2020. From the perspective of time, when the degree of groundwater exploitation (De) was greater than 1, the contribution rate of exploitation degree of economic development (Dg) reached 60% from 2010 to 2015, indicating that the economic development of Beijing is highly dependent on groundwater resources. From 2015 to 2020, the De was less than 1, but the Dg value kept increasing and approaching 90% and the total overload rate was 81.8%. The supporting capacity of groundwater resources will become more fragile. At the spatial scale, only the Dongcheng and the Xicheng regions were overloaded whose rates were 58.48% and 69.92%. The research shows that the degree of groundwater exploitation has approached the saturation state, the economic development is highly dependent on groundwater resources and there is a large space for water saving. Improving the utilization efficiency of water resources cannot improve the carrying capacity of groundwater resources, so it is still necessary to increase the amount of groundwater resources by recharging the groundwater through a series of comprehensive over-exploitation control measures, which is of great significance to the management and sustainable development of regional groundwater.

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The assessment of processes controlling the spatial distribution of hydrogeochemical groundwater types in Mali using multivariate statistics

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Assessing Groundwater Mineralization Process, Quality, and Isotopic Recharge Origin in the Sahel Region in Africa

Assessing Groundwater Mineralization Process, Quality, and Isotopic Recharge Origin in the Sahel Region in Africa

Shallow Groundwater Quality and Its Controlling Factors in the Su-Xi-Chang Region, Eastern China

Analysis and Evaluation of Variation Characteristics in Groundwater Resources Carrying Capacity in Beijing between 2010 and 2020

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