The Association Between Adenoid Hypertrophy and Enuresis in Children

Neshat, Ali; Miranzadeh-Mahabadi, Sareh; Miranzadeh-Mahabadi, Hoda; Kelishadi, Roya

doi:10.17795/compreped-32771

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…First, our study revealed that children in the comorbid group had a more severe form of adenoid hypertrophy compared to children with adenoid hypertrophy only, and a higher frequency of enuresis than in children with enuresis only. This is in agreement with reports by studies suggesting that enuresis is more prevalent in children with severe adenoid hypertrophy, and strongly associated with the severity of adenoid hypertrophy [6,29,30] , however, there are studies that do not confirm this relationship or do not report any relationship. [31] Heterogeneity in study settings and methodological differences of data sources, case definitions, and included age ranges may contribute to this great variability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…[6][7][8][9] Previous studies have documented that the prevalence of enuresis is 22-42% among children with adenoid hypertrophy and 8-47% among children with upper airway obstruction, with prominent improvement of enuresis after surgery. [6,9,10] Regarding the relationship between nocturnal enuresis and adenoid hypertrophy, it has been emphasized that nocturnal enuresis may be a symptom, sign and result of adenoid hypertrophy [6][7][8][9] , and that the relationship has been mainly linked to sleep pathologies and upper airway obstruction caused by adenoid hypertrophy. It is highlighted that upper airway obstruction and sleep apnea increase water and sodium excretion by increasing the nighttime release of atrial natriuretic peptide due to the stimulation of right atrial receptors originating from alterations of intrathoracic pressure, which in turn, can cause enuresis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis are associated with sleep disturbances

2020

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Objective: Adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis, comorbidities that are quite prevalent among children, are both associated with sleep problems. However, limited research has specifically focused on sleep domains and their parameters. In the present study we thus aimed to investigate the impact of adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis on sleep, both when the two disorders coexist and when they do not coexist. Methods: We investigated 178 children (mean age: 7.24±1.02 years, range=6-9 years), 50 (28.1%) of whom had only adenoid hypertrophy, 39 (21.9%) of whom had only nocturnal enuresis, 35 (19.7%) of whom had coexistence of adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis, and 54 (30.3%) of whom were healthy-control children. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed by a semi-structured diagnosis interview and the diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy was confirmed by flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy. Sleep habits and disturbances were assessed via the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results: Our results showed that the comorbid condition was the most severe form in terms of both adenoid hypertrophy and enuresis. Regarding sleep difficulties, the "Sleep-Disordered Breathing", "Night Wakings", "Sleep Onset Delay" and "Sleep Duration" parameters were closely associated with adenoid hypertrophy and its severity, while "Bedtime Resistance", "Parasomnias" and "Sleep Anxiety" domains of sleep were strongly related to nocturnal enuresis. Conclusion: Otorhinolaryngologists, child psychiatrists and pediatricians should be aware of the relationship between enuresis and adenoid hypertrophy, that both diseases are associated with impaired sleep patterns, and that children affected by the comorbidity of the two disorders experience more sleep disturbances.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis are associated with sleep disturbances

2020

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“…Further, OSA is observed in children and, among non-obese children, is believed to be due to craniofacial structure abnormalities (e.g., size or shape of chin, jaw or palate) or enlarged tonsils and adenoids, all of which can cause airway obstruction (Marcus, 2000; Umlauf and Chasens, 2003). OSA associates with nighttime enuresis (bedwetting) in normal weight children, and some studies indicate that adenotonsillectomy can decrease nighttime urine output (Barone et al, 2009; Heba et al, 2013; Marcus, 2000; Neshat et al, 2016). These results advance the idea that OSA can associate with urinary dysfunction independent of obesity and type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Causes Of Lutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links between lower urinary tract symptoms, intermittent hypoxia and diabetes: Causes or cures?

Abler

Vezina

2018

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) manifest as urinary frequency, urgency, incontinence and incomplete bladder emptying. Existing treatments ameliorate but do not eliminate most symptoms, leading to financial and personal burdens attributable to sustained medical therapies that may last a lifetime. The purpose of this review is to highlight evidence of causal associations between LUTS and several common comorbidities, including intermittent hypoxia (IH) concomitant with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Links between these conditions, including therapies targeted to co-occurring complications that have demonstrated benefits for LUTS, suggest compelling avenues of research and also underscore critical gaps in understanding the mechanisms underlying urinary dysfunction. These gaps are prominent in the IH field, where an acknowledged link between OSA and LUTS has gone largely uninvestigated. New tools, models, or reappropriation of existing ones, especially rodent models, is required to parse the associations between IH/OSA, LUTS and obesity/diabetes and to elucidate their underlying, and potentially shared, etiologies.

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The Association Between Adenoid Hypertrophy and Enuresis in Children

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis are associated with sleep disturbances

Adenoid hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis are associated with sleep disturbances

Links between lower urinary tract symptoms, intermittent hypoxia and diabetes: Causes or cures?

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