The association between ADHD and eating disorders/pathology in adolescents: A systematic review

Curtin, Carol; Pagoto, Sherry L.; Mick, Eric

doi:10.4236/ojepi.2013.34028

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with those of Graziano and colleagues (2013) who identified a longitudinal association between self-regulation difficulties early in life and the development of body image and eating concerns in preadolescent years. We speculate that behavioral dysregulation in particular may have strong associations with body image and other eating behaviors due to the breakdown of attentional and inhibitory processes previously associated with body dissatisfaction and eating behaviors (Curtin, Pagoto, & Mick, 2013; Gowey, Stromberg, Lim, & Janicke, 2015), such that body dissatisfaction may be developed or perpetuated as a result of difficulty inhibiting unpleasant repetitive thoughts about one’s body or perhaps biased attention to these unpleasant thoughts and feelings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Weight-related correlates of psychological dysregulation in adolescent and young adult (AYA) females with severe obesity

et al. 2016

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Objective Severe obesity is the fastest growing pediatric subgroup of excess weight levels. Psychological dysregulation (i.e., impairments in regulating cognitive, emotional, and/or behavioral processes) has been associated with obesity and poorer weight loss outcomes. The present study explored associations of dysregulation with weight-related variables among adolescent and young adult (AYA) females with severe obesity. Methods Fifty-four AYA females with severe obesity (MBMI=48.71 kg/m2; Mage=18.29, R=15–21 years; 59.3% White) completed self-report measures of psychological dysregulation and weight-related constructs including meal patterns, problematic eating behaviors, and body and weight dissatisfaction, as non-surgical comparison participants in a multi-site study of adolescent bariatric surgery outcomes. Pearson and bivariate correlations were conducted and stratified by age group to analyze associations between dysregulation subscales (affective, behavioral, cognitive) and weight-related variables. Results Breakfast was the most frequently skipped meal (consumed 3–4 times/week). Eating out was common (4–5 times/week) and mostly occurred at fast-food restaurants. Evening hyperphagia (61.11%) and eating in the absence of hunger (37.04%) were commonly endorsed, while unplanned eating (29.63%), a sense of loss of control over eating (22.22%), eating beyond satiety (22.22%), night eating (12.96%), and binge eating (11.11%) were less common. Almost half of the sample endorsed extreme weight dissatisfaction. Dysregulation was associated with most weight-related attitudes and behaviors of interest in young adults but select patterns emerged for adolescents. Conclusions Higher levels of psychological dysregulation are associated with greater BMI, problematic eating patterns and behaviors, and body dissatisfaction in AYA females with severe obesity. These findings have implications for developing novel intervention strategies for severe obesity in AYAs that may have a multidimensional impact on functioning (e.g., psychosocial health, weight loss behaviors).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Weight-related correlates of psychological dysregulation in adolescent and young adult (AYA) females with severe obesity

et al. 2016

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“…While some studies have found similar rates of psychiatric comorbidity in males and females [ 8 , 9 , 20 , 21 ], others found higher rates in males compared to females (e.g., [ 13 , 18 ]) and yet others found lower rates of comorbidity among males [ 2 , 23 ]. Looking specifically at attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a review article by Curtin, Pagoto and Mick [ 24 ] showed that five out of eight studies found an association between ADHD and ED or eating pathology in adolescents. Although ADHD has a male preponderance in the general population [ 25 ], half of the studies included in the review were based solely on female samples and one of the studies failing to find an association was based predominantly on males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of clinical characteristics between adolescent males and females with eating disorders

2015

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BackgroundEating disorders (ED) are serious disorders that have a negative impact on both the psychological and the physiological well-being of the afflicted. Despite the fact that ED affect both genders, males are often underrepresented in research and when included the sample sizes are often too small for separate analyses. Consequently we have an unclear and sometimes contradictory picture of the clinical characteristics of males with ED. The aim of the present study was to improve our understanding of the clinical features of adolescent males with eating disorders.MethodsWe compared age at presentation, weight at presentation, history of significantly different premorbid weight and psychiatric (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)) and somatic comorbidity (celiac disease and diabetes) of 58 males to 606 females seeking medical care for eating disorders at the Children’s Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden during the years 1999–2012. As all boys were diagnosed with either AN or Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) atypical AN, the age and weight comparisons were limited to those girls fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for AN or OSFED atypical AN.ResultsThere was no significant difference in age at presentation. Differences in weight at presentation and premorbid weight history were mixed. A significantly higher percentage of males had a history of a BMI greater than two standard deviations above the mean for their corresponding age group. As well, there was a higher prevalence of ADHD among the males whereas celiac disease and diabetes only was found among the females.ConclusionsA better understanding of the clinical characteristics of males with ED at presentation should improve our ability to identify males with ED and thereby aid in tailoring the best treatment alternatives.

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“…Differences in the prevalence of excess weight recorded by measuring BMI and perceived body image have clinical implications, including eating disorders. This aspect should be considered in efforts to advance guidance to adolescents and their families [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interventions to prevent childhood and adolescent obesity should tackle specific determinants, within the set of personal, behavioural and socio-environmental factors, such as promotion of a positive image of the body, and reduction of unhealthy weight controlling behaviours [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quito Municipal Schools—Cohort Study: Self-Perception of Body Image and Factors Related with It

Romero-Sandoval¹,

Flores²,

Egas³

et al. 2014

OJEpi

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Self-perception of body image is one factor to be considered when planning and performing preventive initiatives and interventions in childhood and adolescence. The aim of this study was to analyse self-perception of body image in relation to body-mass index, physical inactivity, not eating breakfast, dieting, smoking and alcohol consumption or toxic habits. Materials and Methods: using data from the "Quito municipal schools" cohort study 6964 students aged from 9 to 17 years were described using a multivariate log linear model of the multidimensional table generated by the variables. A logistic regression model was then fitted to assess associations via OR. Results: 8.2% perceived themselves as overweight. Of those subjects overweight according to their BMI, 21.8% perceived themselves as such, while among those not overweight according to BMI, 96.8% considered themselves as slim or of normal weight. Among students who were dieting, 15.1% perceived themselves as overweight. Among those pupils who perceived themselves has having excess weight, the most common reasons for dieting were: lose weight (56.8%), be healthier (22.6%), and maintain current weight (8.4%). Self-perception of excess weight interacts with excess weight (ORadjusted 8.42; CI95% 6.92-10.25), no breakfast (ORadjusted 2.83; CI95% 2.13-3.77), diet (ORadjusted 2.38; CI95% 1.95-2.89), and with all the variables except toxic habits (ORadjusted 1.01; CI95% 0.78 a 1.29). Conclusion: Interventions to prevent obesity in childhood and adolescence ought to take account of specific determinants within the personal, behavioural and socio-envi-N. Romero-Sandoval et al. 123 ronmental factors, such as the promotion of a positive body image.

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The association between ADHD and eating disorders/pathology in adolescents: A systematic review

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Weight-related correlates of psychological dysregulation in adolescent and young adult (AYA) females with severe obesity

Weight-related correlates of psychological dysregulation in adolescent and young adult (AYA) females with severe obesity

A comparison of clinical characteristics between adolescent males and females with eating disorders

Quito Municipal Schools—Cohort Study: Self-Perception of Body Image and Factors Related with It

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