The association between blood lipids and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective The study was performed to explore the association between blood lipids and cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This study included 336 patients with T2DM. Relevant clinical data including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B were collected, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score were used to assess the cognitive function in patients with T2DM. Results Serum apolipoprotein A1 levels were significantly increased in T2DM patients with cognitive impairment compared with T2DM patients without cognitive impairment (p = 0.017). Serum apolipoprotein A1 levels were significantly negatively correlated with MoCA score (r = − 0.143, p = 0.009) and MMSE score (r = − 0.132, p = 0.016) in patients with T2DM. In multivariable-adjusted regression model, serum apolipoprotein A1 was independently associated with cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM (OR = 5.201, p = 0.024). Conclusion Serum apolipoprotein A1 is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM, but not TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B, indicating that increased serum apolipoprotein A1 may be a risk factor of cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM.

Connections between Cognitive Impairment and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

“…In contrast, in a study that evaluated 290 patients with DM-2, it was observed that elevated LDL cholesterol was a risk factor for mild CD (OR = 1.635, p = 0.047), concluding that mild CD is frequent among DM-2 patients [ 51 ]. On the other hand, the finding from another study showed no correlation between the levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and TG and apolipoprotein B and CD, except for apolipoprotein A1 levels, which were independently associated with CD (OR = 5.201, p = 0.024) and correlated negatively to significant MMSE scores (r = −0.132, p = 0.016) and MoCA scores (r = −0.143, p = 0.009) [ 52 ]. In our study, we also demonstrated that, in diabetic patients, the presence of hyperlipidemia increased the risk of a reduced MMSE score, and thus of developing CD or dementia.…”