The Association Between Body Mass Index, Emotional Eating and Perceived Stress during COVID-19 Partial Quarantine in Healthy Adults

Barcın‐Güzeldere, Hatice Kübra; Devrim-Lanpir, Aslı

doi:10.1017/s1368980021002974

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…There were initially 1,496 answers, but 162 answers were excluded, resulting in 1,334 individuals enrolled in this study. Participants were 31 (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) years old the majority were women (79.8%) from the Southeast region of Brazil (89.4%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The state of being depressed or the worsening of this condition are precursors for weight gain and recovery ( 26 ). On the other hand, Barcin-Güzeldere and Devrim-Lanpir ( 27 ) suggested that the stress transmitted by the COVID-19 pandemic can cause a reduction in appetite since some will want to increase the consumption of certain foods as a way to ward off emotions. Others do the opposite, that is, reducing their consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and Associated Factors of Weight Gain During the Covid-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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Introduction and AimsThe behavioral changes that arose from quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted the weight of people. This study aims to investigate the incidence and predictors of weight gain during the quarantine period.MethodsAn online survey was performed five months after the social distance measures implementation. Participants recorded their current and usual weight before lockdown. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed.ResultsData on 1334 participants were evaluated (33.6y, 79.8% females), and 58.8% have gained weight (3.0 kg; 0.1 to 30.0 kg). Predictors of weight gain were increased food intake (OR = 5.40); snacking (OR = 2.86); fast food (OR = 1.11); canned products (OR = 1.08); and in physical activity (OR = 0.99) concerning the period before the pandemic; also time spent at work, including household chores (OR = 1.58); evening snack (OR = 1.54); higher frequency of alcoholic beverage intake (OR = 1.59) and dose of alcoholic beverage (OR = 1.11); uncontrolled eating (OR = 1.01), and vegetable intake (OR = 0.92) during the quarantine and physical activity before pandemic period (OR = 0.99).ConclusionMost participants have gained weight during the pandemic because of working changes, lifestyle, eating habits changes, and uncontrolled eating behavior. These results can be useful to encourage changes during future quarantine periods to prevent weight gain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Associated Factors of Weight Gain During the Covid-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…Simultaneously, the lockdown related to the COVID-19 pandemic caused lots of emotional problems including anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. Many people began to cope with their emotions by increasing food (emotional eating) and alcohol consumption and in combination with decreased physical activity, promoted the development of overweight and obesity [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Mental Health and Emotional Eating during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Burnatowska

Surma

Olszanecka-Glinianowicz

2022

Nutrients

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Obesity is one of the most dangerous epidemics of the 21st century. In 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began and caused many deaths among patients with obesity with and without complications. Simultaneously, the lockdown related to the COVID-19 pandemic caused a host of emotional problems including anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. Many people began to cope with their emotions by increasing food (emotional eating) and alcohol consumption and in combination with decreased physical activity, promoted the development of overweight and obesity. Emotional eating, also known as stress eating, is defined as the propensity to eat in response to positive and negative emotions and not physical need. It should be noted that emotional eating may be the first step in the development of binge eating disorder and its extreme subtypes such as food addiction. Interestingly in some post-bariatric surgery patients, an increased frequency of addictive disorders has been observed, for example food addiction replaced by alcohol addiction called: “cross addiction” or “addiction transfer”. This data indicates that obesity should be treated as a psychosomatic disease, in the development of which external factors causing the formation of negative emotions may play a significant role. Currently, one of these factors is the COVID-19 pandemic. This manuscript discusses the relationships between the COVID-19 pandemic and development of emotional eating as well as potential implications of the viral pandemic on the obesity pandemic, and the need to change the approach to the treatment of obesity in the future.

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“…The results so far indicate that for many people, COVID-19 was (or still is) a strong source of stress [ 4 , 22 , 24 ], and its high levels can lead to unhealthy eating behaviors [ 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 ]. These changes in eating were (and may still be) related to the fact that people use food as a way of regulating emotions, especially in a situation where other ways of coping with anxiety, stress, and other negative emotional states have been significantly limited by restrictions related to COVID-19 (including direct contact with friends, going to the cinema and other entertainment venues, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes in eating were (and may still be) related to the fact that people use food as a way of regulating emotions, especially in a situation where other ways of coping with anxiety, stress, and other negative emotional states have been significantly limited by restrictions related to COVID-19 (including direct contact with friends, going to the cinema and other entertainment venues, etc.) [ 15 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 28 ]. In addition, the source of negative emotions may also be COVID-related restrictions, which, at some stage of the pandemic, prevented us from practicing physical activity outdoors, in the gym, and in other places of recreation [ 8 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do COVID-19-Related Stress, Being Overweight, and Body Dissatisfaction Contribute to More Disordered Eating in Polish Women?—A Cluster Analysis Approach

Czepczor-Bernat

Modrzejewska

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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We hypothesized that women who are overweight, experiencing COVID-19-related stress, and with high body dissatisfaction would have significantly greater disordered eating than those of healthy weight, without stress, and with low body dissatisfaction. Participants (N = 1354 women; Mage= 31.89 years, SD = 11.14) filled in the Contour Drawing Rating Scale, the Emotional Overeating Questionnaire, the Eating Motivation Survey, the Mindful Eating Questionnaire, and a COVID-19-related stress measure and sociodemographic survey. The cluster analysis technique revealed four distinct clusters: (a) Cluster 1 (N = 314): healthy body weight, no COVID-related stress, and low body dissatisfaction (M = 1.19); (b) Cluster 2 (N = 131): overweight, no COVID-related stress, and high body dissatisfaction (M = 2.41); (c) Cluster 3 (N = 597): healthy body weight, COVID-related stress, and low body dissatisfaction (M = 1.27); (d) Cluster 4 (N = 312): overweight, COVID-related stress, and high body dissatisfaction (M = 2.84). Generally, our outcomes partially support our hypothesis, as higher levels of some types of disordered eating were observed in women who were overweight with COVID-related stress and high body dissatisfaction (Cluster 4) as compared with women with healthy body weight, no COVID-related stress, and with low levels of body dissatisfaction (Cluster 1). Our results indicate that both body weight status, as well as COVID-19-related stress and body dissatisfaction, may contribute to the intensity of disordered eating. During future epidemic-related quarantines, this may be an argument in favor of organizing support regarding emotional functioning, body image, and eating behaviors, particularly for the most vulnerable groups—including overweight and obese women.

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The Association Between Body Mass Index, Emotional Eating and Perceived Stress during COVID-19 Partial Quarantine in Healthy Adults

Cited by 31 publications

References 58 publications

Incidence and Associated Factors of Weight Gain During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Incidence and Associated Factors of Weight Gain During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Relationship between Mental Health and Emotional Eating during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Do COVID-19-Related Stress, Being Overweight, and Body Dissatisfaction Contribute to More Disordered Eating in Polish Women?—A Cluster Analysis Approach

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