The association between C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6 and depression among older adults in the community: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Smith, Kimberley J.; Au, Bonnie; Ollis, Lucie; Schmitz, N.

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.005

Cited by 149 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Patients with depression have increased levels of IL‐6 compared to controls, a finding that has been replicated by clinical studies and meta‐analysis . A dose–response correlation is reported between circulating IL‐6 concentration and the degree of depressive symptoms .…”

Section: Pro‐inflammatory Cytokines In Depressionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Chronic pain can independently contribute to the pathogenesis of depression, through elevation of inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α . Here, we review the prevalence and characteristics of depression, and its correlation to the levels of inflammatory cytokines and disease activity among different CTD (Tables and ).…”

Section: Depression In Connective Tissue Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytokine secretion and the risk of depression development in patients with connective tissue diseases

Grygiel-Górniak

Limphaibool

Puszczewicz

2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Research in the past two decades has revolutionized our understanding of depressive illnesses. Proinflammatory cytokines have become a point of interest in the interconnecting areas of neuropsychiatric and autoimmune diseases. The cytokine hypothesis of depression suggests that pro‐inflammatory cytokines play a primary role in the mediation of the pathophysiological characteristics of major depression, in which an inflammatory process may be induced by external and internal stressors, such as psychological and inflammatory diseases, respectively. The higher prevalence of depression, particularly in patients with chronic autoimmune connective tissue disorders (CTD), suggests that depression may present a dysfunctional adaptation of cytokine‐induced sickness, which could manifest in times of an exacerbated activation of the innate immune system. Inflammation is thought to contribute to the development of clinical depression through its ability to induce sickness behaviors corresponding to the neurovegetative features of depression, through the dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, alterations in neurotransmitter synthesis and reuptake, and through its involvement in the neuroprogression pathways. This review explores the complex interrelationships in which inflammatory responses alter neuroendocrine and neuropsychological regulation contributing to depressive symptoms in CTD. The prevalence and characteristics of depression, and its correlation to the levels of inflammatory cytokines and disease activity among different CTD will be reviewed.

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Section: Pro‐inflammatory Cytokines In Depressionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Depression In Connective Tissue Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine secretion and the risk of depression development in patients with connective tissue diseases

Grygiel-Górniak

Limphaibool

Puszczewicz

2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…It should also be highlighted that in recent years, diverse studies have indicated that low-grade inflammation markers have a strong relationship to the development of metabolic syndrome (MS), diabetes type 2, insulin resistance, and hypertension, and have even been correlated with stress and depression (Drummond, Barbosa, Dantzer, & Teixeira, 2018;Serrano Ríos, 2005;Smith, Au, Ollis, & Schmitz, 2018;Yahyapour et al, 2018) A study performed by Baykal et al (2015) also looked at the relationship between LP and MS, finding a higher prevalence of MS in patients with LP. These results suggest that there could be link between low-grade systemic inflammation and the development of these diseases.…”

Section: Lichenoid Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichen planus and diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Several recent meta-analyses examining cross-sectional and prospective links between depressive symptoms or MDD on the one hand, and inflammatory markers on the other, have either yielded small effects (Valkanova et al 2013;Haapakoski et al 2015a;Köhler et al 2017;Horn et al 2018;Smith et al 2018), or no effects in a selection of higher quality studies (Horn et al 2018). Effect sizes for specific inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) show considerable heterogeneity, both across individual studies and individual metaanalyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using network analysis to examine links between individual depression symptoms, inflammatory markers, and covariates

Fried¹,

Haslbeck²

2018

Preprint

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Background. Studies investigating the link between depressive symptoms and inflammation have yielded inconsistent results, which may be due to two factors. First, studies differed regarding the specific inflammatory markers studied and covariates accounted for. Second, specific depressive symptoms may be differentially related to inflammation. We address both challenges using network psychometrics.Methods. We estimated seven regularized mixed graphical models in the NESDA data (N=2321) to explore shared variances among 1) depression severity, modeled via depression sum-score, 9 DSM-5 symptoms, or 28 individual depressive symptoms; 2) inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α); 3) before and after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), exercise, smoking, alcohol, and chronic diseases.Results. The depression sum-score was related to both IL-6 and CRP before, and only to IL-6 after covariate adjustment. When modeling the DSM-5 symptoms and CRP in a conceptual replication of Jokela et al. (2016), CRP was associated with 'sleep problems', 'energy level', and 'weight/appetite changes'; only the first two links survived covariate adjustment. In a conservative model with all 38 variables, symptoms and markers were unrelated. Following recent psychometric work, we re-estimated the full model without regularization: the depressive symptoms 'insomnia, 'hypersomnia', and 'aches and pain' showed unique positive relations to all inflammatory markers. Conclusions.We found evidence for differential relations between markers, depressive symptoms, and covariates. Associations between symptoms and markers were attenuated after covariate adjustment; BMI and sex consistently showed strong relations with inflammatory markers.

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The association between C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6 and depression among older adults in the community: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 149 publications

References 76 publications

Cytokine secretion and the risk of depression development in patients with connective tissue diseases

Cytokine secretion and the risk of depression development in patients with connective tissue diseases

Lichen planus and diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Using network analysis to examine links between individual depression symptoms, inflammatory markers, and covariates

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