The association between diabetes and gastric cancer: results from the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project Consortium

Abstract

Background Prior epidemiologic studies on the association between diabetes and gastric cancer risk provided inconclusive findings, while traditional, aggregate data meta-analyses were characterized by high betweenstudy heterogeneity.Objective To investigate the association between type 2 diabetes and gastric cancer using data from the 'Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project', an international consortium of more than 30 case-control and nested case-control studies, which is large and provides harmonized definition of participants' characteristics across individual studies. The data have the potential to minimize between-study heterogeneity and provide greater statistical power for subgroup analysis. MethodsWe included 5592 gastric cancer cases and 12 477 controls from 14 studies from Europe, Asia, North America, and South America in a two-stage individualparticipant data meta-analysis. Random-effect models were used to estimate summary odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by pooling study-specific ORs. ResultsWe did not find an overall association between diabetes and gastric cancer (pooled OR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.94-1.07). However, the risk of cardia gastric cancer was significantly higher among individuals with type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.16, 95% CI, 1.02-1.33). There was no association between diabetes and gastric cancer risk in strata of Helicobacter pylori infection serostatus, age, sex, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption, fruit/vegetable intake, gastric cancer histologic type, and source of controls.

Diabetes Mellitus a Risk Factor of Gastric Cancer : Systematic Review

“…Diabetes did not correlate with the risk of stomach cancer in the strata of age, sex, BMI, smoking status, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol use, gastric cancer histologic type, or source of controls. 8 Yang, et al also evaluated the association of DM and gastric cancert in 5774 patients with follow up. A higher risk of stomach cancer was independently linked to diabetes mellitus.…”

Epidemiology of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia and Gastric Cancer

“…60,61 A pooled analysis from the StoP project found no significant association between the presence of diabetes and the development of gastric cancer (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.94-1.07) irrespective of other risk factors. 62 However, there was an increased risk of cardia (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33) but not noncardia gastric cancers (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95-1.12). 62…”

“…62 However, there was an increased risk of cardia (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33) but not noncardia gastric cancers (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95-1.12). 62…”

Gastric adenocarcinoma: 1-year overall survival, disability-adjusted life years, years of life lost, and prognostic factors—a single-institution experience

“…The role of diabetes in gastric cancer risk and prognosis is uncertain; however, some studies suggested that diabetes promotes cell growth, proliferation, and chemoresistance of gastric adenocarcinoma (54,55). A large cohort study by Dabo et al (2021) concluded that, while diabetes is associated with cardia gastric cancer, it is not related to gastric cancer overall (56). In the current study, diabetes before gastric adenocarcinoma was correlated with lower overall survival probability, higher risk of death, and, consequently, poorer prognosis, supporting existing epidemiological studies (57)(58)(59)(60).…”