The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Sex Hormones in Male Children and Adolescents Aged 6–19 Years

Zheng, Qin; Liu, Nuozhou; Liao, Ri-Qiang; Jiang, Luojia; Su, Baihai

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.722941

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In this study, 28 of the 45 food parameters available in NHANES were used to calculate DII, including carbohydrates, protein, total fat, alcohol, fiber, cholesterol, saturated fat, MUFA, PUFA, n-3 fatty acids, n-6 fatty acids, niacin, vitamin A, thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, Fe, Mg, zinc, selenium, folic acid, beta-carotene, caffeine, and energy. Previous studies have shown that using fewer than 30 food parameters for DII calculations does not affect the predictive power of DII ( 16 , 34 , 36 , 37 ). Data for the calculation of DII are presented in Supplementary Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary inflammatory index and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among U.S. adults.MethodsWe collected data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018. Adults who reported complete information to diagnose ASCVD and calculate DII were included. We used three models to differentially adjust the covariates, including age, sex, race or ethnicity, education level, smoking status, poverty, insurance, body mass index, hyperlipemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for ASCVD grouped by DII deciles. We additionally conducted spline smoothing with the generalized additive model (GAM) and the log-likelihood ratio to examine the non-linear relationship between DII and ASCVD. If exists, the segmented linear regression will be used to detect the cutoff point. The subgroup analyses were stratified by various atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (i.e., CHD, angina, heart attack, and stroke) and sex.ResultsA total of 48,733 participants (mean age, 47.13 ± 0.19 years) with 51.91% women were enrolled, of which 5,011 were diagnosed with ASCVD. In the crude model, participants in the five highest deciles (D6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) of DII score had a significantly higher risk of having ASCVD compared to those in the first decile. In the fully adjusted model, those in the tenth decile [OR = 1.47, 95% CI = (1.18,1.84)] of DII had a significantly increased risk of ASCVD compared to the first decile. Notably, when DII is above 3, the ASCVD risk increased by 41% for each one increase in DII [OR = 1.41, 95% CI = (1.15,1.73)]. This relationship was more pronounced in females.ConclusionOur study revealed a positive and non-linearly association between DII and ASCVD in U.S. adults. This relationship was more pronounced in females. The findings provide a reference for future research and diet recommendations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary inflammatory index and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults

et al. 2023

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“…We incorporated age (year), body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ), Race/Ethnicity, education level, smoking status, urine iodine concentration (UIC), annual family income, U.S. military force experience (Y/N), marital status, energy intake (kcal), and protein intake (g) as our covariates. A previous study about DII categorized BMI into <25 (normal), 25-29.9 (overweight), and ≥30 kg/m 2 (obese) for participants aged more than 20 [16,29], and we adopted this categorization. We divided UIC into UIC <100 (iodine deficient), 100-299 (normal), ≥300 µg/L (excessive iodine intake) to consider the iodine condition of participants [30], which would inevitably affect thyroid function.…”

Section: Study Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Thyroid Function in U.S. Adult Males

Liu

Feng

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Thyroid function has a close link with inflammation. However, it is still unknown whether the dietary inflammatory potential is associated with thyroid function. We aimed to assess the relationship among them using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This study was a cross-sectional study, where weighted multivariable linear regression, subgroup analyses, and interaction terms were employed. Thyroid function was assessed by eight indexes, including total and free T4 and T3, Tg, TgAb, TPOAb, and TSH. A total of 2346 male participants aged ≥20 years with an average age of 50.74 ± 17.68 years were enrolled. The mean DII score among participants was −0.46 ± 1.73, ranging from −4.12 to 4.41, and mean total thyroxine (T4) was 7.61 ± 1.51 μg/dL. We found a positive association between DII and total T4 (β = 0.07; p = 0.0044). Using subgroup analysis, this association became stronger in both the iodine-deficient and obese group (iodine-deficient group: β = 0.15, p < 0.0001; obese group: β = 0.14, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, men adhering to a more pro-inflammatory diet appeared to have higher total T4 levels. However, these hormone variations were still within the normal clinical range and more well-designed studies are still needed to validate the causal relationship between DII and thyroid function.

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“…The associations between TT and/or FAI observed in men are consistent and stronger. In contrast, there is little evidence that there is a significant association between DII and sex steroids in children or prepubertal individuals ( 29 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diet quality measured by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) is negatively correlated with premenopausal estrogen concentration (12). Inflammatory diet intake may also have an impact on sex hormones, and more pro-inflammatory diets are associated with lower TT and E2 levels in male adolescents (13). Moreover, the high intake of certain oxidants and proinflammatory dietary components (such as polyunsaturated fatty acids) is related to the level of sex hormones (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Sex Hormones Among 6- to 19-Year-Old Children and Adolescents in NHANES 2015–2016

Zhan

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and sex steroids in children (6-11 years old) and adolescents (12-19 years old) in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015–2016.MethodsParticipants between the ages of 6-19 have 24-hour dietary intake data, serum sex hormones [total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2)], and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) available data (n = 1382). The free androgen index (FAI) is calculated as TT divided by SHBG and the ratio of TT to E2 (TT/E2). The constructed puberty state is defined as high levels of steroid hormones (TT≥50 ng/dL in men, E2≥20 pg/ml in women) or onset of menarche. Multiple linear regression analysis was stratified by gender-age and gender-pubertal status groups to evaluate the association between DII and sex hormone levels.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, the association between consecutive DII and sex hormone indicators by gender and age group. In male adolescents, DII was always negatively associated with TT (P-trend = 0.09), FAI (P-trend = 0.03) and E2 (P-trend = 0.01), and monotonically positively associated with SHBG (P-trend = 0.02).In female adolescents, with the increase of DII, a significant positive correlation with SHBG was observed (β 0.017, 95%CI: 0.009,0.053) (Table 3). Among female adolescents, a significant negative association between DII and TT and a significant positive association between SHBG were observed in this group. Moreover, DII was positively associated with SHBG of prepubertal males and negatively associated with FAI of prepubertal females.ConclusionsDII was associated with decreased levels of certain sex steroid hormones (TT, FAI, and E2) and increased levels of SHBG in adolescents or pubertal individuals, with the associations presenting somewhat sex-dependent pattern. However, there is little evidence that there is a significant association in children or prepubertal children. Further research needs to be carried out to verify our results.

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The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Sex Hormones in Male Children and Adolescents Aged 6–19 Years

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Association between dietary inflammatory index and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults

Association between dietary inflammatory index and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in U.S. adults

The Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Thyroid Function in U.S. Adult Males

Associations Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Sex Hormones Among 6- to 19-Year-Old Children and Adolescents in NHANES 2015–2016

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