The Association between Environmental Lead Exposure and Bone Density in Children

Campbell, James; Rosier, Randy N.; Novotný, L; Puzas, J. Edward

doi:10.1289/ehp.6555

Cited by 77 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lead has been shown to have deleterious effects on bone formation and cellular remodeling at concentrations as low as 2 parts per million [6,18,20]. In children, exposure results in impairment in skeletal development, reduced chest circumference, diminished stature, and can be assessed with blood tests for markers of bone turnover in this population [5,6,[10][11][12]. The mechanism and toxicology of lead in bone formation, resorption, and healingis well known being mediated by impairment of the cellular pathways regulating osteoblast and osteoclast function [3,4,6,8,15,16,18,20,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal models and clinical studies, lead has specifically been shown to be a source of adverse cellular effects resulting in skeletal disease [3,5,20,22]. The number of specimens falling within this range was determined for each of the study groups as well as for cortical and cancellous bone specimens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lead content of bone from humans exposed to environmental sources ranges from 2 to 20 ppm [20]. In animal models and clinical studies, lead has specifically been shown to be a source of adverse cellular effects resulting in skeletal disease [3,5,20,22]. The mechanism for the skeletal effects is thought to be related to release of lead from the bone compartment with subsequent molecular consequences on key signaling pathways in the osteoblasts [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Allogeneic and Autogenous Bone Grafts Are Affected by Historical Donor Environmental Exposure

Behrend

Carmouche

Millhouse

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Bone graft materials are routinely evaluated for infectious agents; however, data regarding contamination of bone graft from environmental exposure of the donors to osteotoxic substances such as lead are not routinely available. In animal models, stored lead in bone has been shown to impair fracture healing and osteocyte function. In clinical studies, lead is linked to skeletal disease at relatively low concentrations. Presumably the levels of lead in allografts mirror the level of lead in bone in the population; however, the degree to which processing might decrease this and the frequency with which potentially osteotoxic levels appear in bone grafts have not been studied. Questions/purposes (1) Does processing of donor bone for allografts result in lower concentrations of lead in commercial allograft when compared with autologous bone graft; and (2) what proportion of bone grafts contain potentially osteotoxic levels of lead from[2.0 to 20.0 lg/g corresponding to environmental exposure? Methods Allograft from commercial sources and autologous bone graft materials were examined for lead content using ICP-atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis. We analyzed bone graft specimens from 42 donors, including 26 corticocancellous tibial specimens from commercially available bone graft materials and 16 autograft corticocancellous tibial specimens. Lead levels were determined for the cortical (n = 42) and cancellous (n = 42) portions of each specimen. For quality control, all instru-

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Allogeneic and Autogenous Bone Grafts Are Affected by Historical Donor Environmental Exposure

Behrend

Carmouche

Millhouse

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As such, the waste can cause a number of health changes, such as kidney disease, osteoporosis and cataracts (Campbell et al 2004, Brown et al 2008, Yang et al 2010. Therefore, periodic analyses of water, soil and air in this region are necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of fault seal analysis at the Solokha field, Dnieper-Donets Basin, Ukraine – case studies

Okrepkyi¹,

Tiapkina²

2015

geol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The metallurgic industry is one of the main sources of environmental pollution. It emits dust, which contains manganese oxides, iron oxides, zinc and lead oxides that could be deposited in soil. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the local metallurgical industry on soil contamination with metals released during processing using Pb-210 as a contamination tracer. Soil samples were collected from 19 sites located around the Opole industrial zone, in which, for example, welding and galvanizing companies operate. In the studies, various types of sampling sites were taken into account, such as the forests, meadows, fields and allotment gardens. The activity measurements of Bi-214, Pb-214, Cs-137 and Pb-210 were performed, using a gamma spectrometer. Applying the properties of the latter isotope, the local level of soil contamination was estimated. The results indicated that the metallurgical industry is not a source of environmental pollution in the immediate vicinity. The excessive lead concentrations ranged from 1 Bq/kg d.m. to 100 Bq/kg d.m. and were not strongly correlated with the distances from the presumed source of contamination.

show abstract

“…When current blood or urinary Pb are used as biological markers, Pb exposure and BMD have either no association [17,18], or an inverse association, in Hispanic white males only [19], and in former female Pb smelters [20]. When cumulative blood Pb or bone Pb assessed by in vivo 109 Cd KXRF are used as biological markers, Pb exposure and BMD have a direct association [21], suggesting that Pb may well have a beneficial health effect. This was later considered a spurious association, due to the fact that the presence of Pb interferes with the accurate measurement of BMD by DXA, because of its higher attenuation coefficient compared to calcium [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in bone Pb accumulation: Cause and effect of altered bone turnover

Brito

Costa

Silva

et al. 2014

Bone

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper assesses the magnitude of Pb uptake in cortical and trabecular bones in healthy animals and animals with altered balance in bone turnover, and the impact of exposure to Pb on serum markers of bone formation and resorption. The results reported herein provide physiological evidence that Pb distributes differently in central compartments in Pb metabolism, such as cortical and trabecular bone, in healthy animals and animals with altered balance in bone turnover, and that exposure to Pb does have an impact on bone resorption resulting in OC-dependent osteopenia. These findings show that Pb may play a role in the etiology of osteoporosis and that its concentration in bones varies as a result of altered bone turnover characteristic of this disease, a long standing question in the field. In addition, data collected in this study are consistent with previous observations of increased half-life of Pb in bone at higher exposures. This evidence is relevant for the necessary revision of current physiologically based kinetic models for Pb in humans. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 Abstract This paper assesses the magnitude of Pb uptake in cortical and trabecular bones in healthy animals and animals with altered balance in bone turnover, and the impact of exposure to Pb on serum markers of bone formation and resorption. The results reported herein provide physiological evidence that Pb distributes differently in central compartments in Pb metabolism, such as cortical and trabecular bone, in healthy animals and animals with altered balance in bone turnover, and that exposure to Pb does have an impact on bone resorption resulting in OC-dependent osteopenia. These findings show that Pb may play a role in the etiology of osteoporosis and that its concentration in bones varies as a result of altered bone turnover characteristic of this disease, a long standing question in the field. In addition, data collected in this study are consistent with previous observations of increased half-life of Pb in bone at higher exposures. This evidence is relevant for the necessary revision of current physiologically based kinetic models for Pb in humans. Keywords Pb exposureBone turnover Osteoporosis Kinetic models 1

show abstract

The Association between Environmental Lead Exposure and Bone Density in Children

Cited by 77 publications

References 42 publications

Allogeneic and Autogenous Bone Grafts Are Affected by Historical Donor Environmental Exposure

Allogeneic and Autogenous Bone Grafts Are Affected by Historical Donor Environmental Exposure

The application of fault seal analysis at the Solokha field, Dnieper-Donets Basin, Ukraine – case studies

Changes in bone Pb accumulation: Cause and effect of altered bone turnover

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About