The association between family history of mental disorders and general cognitive ability

McGrath, John J.; Wray, Naomi R.; Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker; Mortensen, Preben Bo; Greve, Aja; Petersen, Liselotte

doi:10.1038/tp.2014.60

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While ASD is associated with cognitive deficits in executive function, the relationship with IQ is complex 57 . Our results are consistent with those from a Danish study of more than 160,000 male conscripts 58 which found that brothers of those with ASD had a significantly higher than average IQ score (whereas brothers of those with every other recorded psychiatric disorder had significantly lower than average IQ scores). We note that GSMR analysis tests the effect of EduYears on ASD rather the reverse direction.…”

Section: Effects Of Other Phenotypes On Diseasessupporting

confidence: 91%

Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data

Zhu

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Preprint

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Health risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), serum cholesterol and blood pressure are associated with many common diseases. It often remains unclear whether the risk factors are cause or consequence of disease, or whether the associations are the result of confounding.Genetic methods are useful to infer causality because genetic variants are present from birth and therefore unlikely to be confounded with environmental factors. We develop and apply a method (GSMR) that performs a multi-SNP Mendelian Randomization analysis using summarylevel data from large genome-wide association studies (sample sizes of up to 405,072) to test the causal associations of BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, serum cholesterols, blood pressures, height and years of schooling (EduYears) with a range of common diseases. We identify a number of causal associations including a protective effect of LDL-cholesterol against type-2 diabetes (T2D) that might explain the side effects of statins on T2D, a protective effect of EduYears against Alzheimer's disease, and bidirectional associations with opposite effects (e.g. higher BMI increases the risk of T2D but the effect T2D of BMI is negative). HDL-cholesterol has a significant risk effect on age-related macular degeneration, and the effect size remains significant accounting for the other risk factors. Our study develops powerful tools to integrate summary data from large studies to infer causality, and provides important candidates to be prioritized for further studies in medical research and for drug discovery.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Other Phenotypes On Diseasessupporting

confidence: 91%

Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data

Zhu

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Preprint

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research has shown that genetic factors could underpin both the impaired cognitive ability and the increased risk of mental disorders. 33 Thus, the need to take a detailed family history cannot be over emphasized. Substance abuse was reported in about a third of the respondents and most of them took marijuana.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of psychiatric disorders among young persons attending psychiatric clinics in Benin city: implications for health

Ogboghodo

Omuemu

Obarisiagbon

et al. 2018

Int J Community Med Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Psychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. From a lifespan perspective, youth is the peak period for the onset of mental illness and it is the young who carry the burden of mental ill-health. This study was carried out to assess the pattern and determinants of psychiatric disorders among young persons attending psychiatric clinics in Benin City, Edo State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among young persons attending psychiatric clinics in Benin City using a multi-stage sampling technique for selection. Pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 21.0 software. Bivariate analysis between socio-demographic variables/risk factors and the psychiatric disorders of the respondents was done. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 427 young persons with mean age (SD) of 20.3±4.0 years participated in the study. One hundred and six (24.8%) of the respondents suffered schizophrenia while depression, mania and unspecified psychosis accounted for 74 (17.3%), 49 (11.5%) and 36 (8.4%) respectively. One hundred and thirty eight (32.3%) of the respondents had a history of substance abuse and over three quarters 376 (88.1%) had family support. Majority of the respondents 412 (96.5%) were currently on psychotropic medications. Conclusions: This study showed that schizophrenia was the commonest psychiatric disorder followed by depression, mania and unspecified psychosis. Efforts should be made by relevant stakeholders to educate the public about mental health disorders and its predisposing risk factors.

show abstract

“…Premorbid studies are similarly equivocal, with some evidence that lower premorbid IQ or executive functioning is associated with a mildly increased risk for MDD (David et al., ; Evans et al., ; Zammit et al., ), whereas other studies found no such link (Han et al., ; Meyer et al., ). Furthermore, caution is needed in interpreting the relationship between premorbid neurocognitive impairment and onset of MDD as research shows that a family history of psychiatric disorder (including mood disorders) is associated with small, but significant neurocognitive impairment (McGrath et al., ). This suggests that there are shared genetic factors associated with psychiatric disorder and neurocognitive impairment, rather than neurocognitive impairment being an independent risk factor (McGrath et al., ).…”

Section: Discussion and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing neurocognitive impairment in young people with major depression: state, trait, or scar?

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) affects a quarter of adolescents and young adults and is associated with the greatest global burden of disease in this population. There is a growing literature, mostly in adults, showing that significant neurocognitive impairments are common in MDD. It remains unclear whether these impairments are pre‐existing trait markers of MDD, state‐related impairments that fluctuate with depressive symptoms, or ‘scar’ impairments that worsen with illness progression. The aim of this study is to provide a conceptual framework for understanding MDD and neurocognitive impairment in adolescence and young adulthood (ages 12–25 years).MethodExamination of the evidence for neurocognitive deficits as trait, state, and scar features of MDD according to different study designs (family studies, premorbid studies, current depression, remitted depression, and longitudinal studies with repeated assessment) was conducted.ResultsThe few premorbid and family studies conducted in youth provide equivocal evidence for neurocognitive impairments as trait markers of MDD. The presence of state‐based neurocognitive impairment remains unclear as evidence comes mostly from cross‐sectional studies. There are a limited, but growing number of longitudinal studies with repeated neurocognitive assessment in youth. Studies that examined neurocognition prior to the onset of MDD and with long‐term follow‐up provide tentative evidence for neurocognitive scarring.ConclusionNeurocognitive impairment is a feature of MDD in adolescents and young adults. To better understand the nature, timing, and pattern of impairment, longitudinal studies that examine neurocognition before and after the development of full‐threshold MDD, including following recurrence are needed. This knowledge will have important implications for mechanisms, prevention, and treatment of MDD in youth.

show abstract

The association between family history of mental disorders and general cognitive ability

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data

Causal associations between risk factors and common diseases inferred from GWAS summary data

Pattern of psychiatric disorders among young persons attending psychiatric clinics in Benin city: implications for health

Characterizing neurocognitive impairment in young people with major depression: state, trait, or scar?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About