The Association between Hepatitis C Virus Antibody and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Relation to Hepatitis B Viral Infection (Rafh Experience)

Saeed, Ahmed; Ahmed, Abdul Mutaal Mohamed; Al-Karawi, Mohamed A.; Mohamed, Abdel Rahman El-Shiekh; Al-Saud, Ahmed Abu; Shariq, Sohail

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.1992.283

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the study by Ayoola and Gadour, it has been reported that HBV was more common than HCV in their population of HCC patients in the Jazan area (38). Saeed et al, also found more patients who were HBsAg positive than those who were anti-HCV positive (33.3% vs 26.2%) (39). These regional studies are small in their number of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Middle Eastern Population

et al. 2013

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BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of death in Saudi male patients. Local clinical and demographic data of this disease are scarce.ObjectivesWe sought to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients from two tertiary care centers in Saudi Arabia.Patients and MethodsData were collected for all patients diagnosed to have hepatocellular carcinoma between June 2003 and July 2008 who had been registered in a special research database (the Saudi Observatory Liver Disease Registry (SOLID)). Data were extracted from SOLID for clinical, biochemical, radiologic parameters and outcome.ResultsData was available for 363 patients, the mean age of diagnosis was 66 years, 74% of patients were males, and Hepatitis C was the underlying cause of liver disease in 48%, while Hepatitis B in 29%. Most of the patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage, 53 % of patients had a CLIP score of 4 to 6 (advanced stage), 55% had large multi-nodular tumors and 16% had vascular invasion or extra-hepatic spread at the time of diagnosis. Most of the patients had decompensated cirrhosis; with child-pogh score B in 44% and C in 26% with presence of portal hypertension in 55%. Forty eight percent died during the study period. Predictors of poor survival in the univariate analysis were; presence of portal vein thrombosis (P = 0.03), portal hypertension (P < 0.0001), presence of ascites (P = 0.022), hepatic encephalopathy (P < 0.0001), advanced child-pough score (P < 0.0001), bilirubin > 22 (P < 0.0001) and INR > 1.2 (P = 0.02). On multivariate analysis, only the presence of portal hypertension, bilirubin > 22 and severe hepatic encephalopathy were significant with adjusted hazard ratio of 1.6 (95% CI; 1.04-2.47), 1.76 (95% CI; 1.12-2.8), and 3.18 (95% CI; 1.42-7.14) respectively.ConclusionsThe data from this cohort indicates that most of patients diagnosed with HCC present at late tumor and liver disease stages, when prognosis is usually dismal. Regular cancer surveillance in cirrhotic patients might change the outcomes. Further studies with results of treatment outcomes in this community are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Middle Eastern Population

et al. 2013

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“…There have been several reports on a possible association between hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma; we do not have meaningful data about that in our patients. Saeed et al from Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital found 26.2% of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma anti-HCV positive and only 1.5% anti-HCV positive in the central group, 23 which demonstrates that the hepatitis C virus, like hepatitis B, most likely plays an important etiological role in hepatocellular carcinoma in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastric lymphoma is the most common extranodal site in the Saudi patient and in this study, it accounts for about 22% of malignant tumors of the stomach. 23 It occurs somewhat more frequently in males than in females and reaches its peak incidence during the fifth decade, representing symptoms usually similar to those of gastritis, peptic ulcers or gastric carcinoma. Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) occurs principally in the Middle East, especially in young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of Primary Gastrointestinal Cancer: King Khalid University Hospital Experience and Review of Published National Data

Ajarim

1996

Ann Saudi Med

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This study is based on data collected from a total of 629 patients (435 male and 194 female) with histologically confirmed cancer of the primary gastrointestinal tract and its accessory glands, seen at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) between January 1985 and December 1993. During this period, a total of 2464 cancer cases were identified at KKUH. The relative frequency and rank of order are determined for various gastrointestinal cancers, as well as distribution according to age, sex and primary site affected. Gastrointestinal malignancy accounts for 25.5% of total cancer cases seen at KKUH. The mean age of patients was 59 ± 17 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.24:1. Primary liver cancer was the most common malignancy (34%), followed by gastric cancer (18%), colorectal (17%) and esophageal cancer (12%). We compared our findings with national published data from different provinces in Saudi Arabia. Results from this report stress the importance of prevention, screening and early detection for gastrointestinal malignancy. Ann Saudi Med 1996;16(4):386-391. DS Ajarim, Pattern of Primary Gastrointestinal Cancer: King Khalid University Hospital Experience and Review of Published National Data. 1996; 16(4): 386-391The gastrointestinal tract and its accessory glands is one of the systems of the human body most frequently affected by cancer. In Western countries, gastrointestinal cancer is among the leading causes of mortality.1,2 In Southeast Asia and Africa, gastrointestinal cancer is ranked as the most common. Etiologic factors involved in the causation of gastrointestinal cancer include environmental factors, dietary habits, smoking, alcohol, precancerous conditions and viral infections.3-6 A National Cancer Registry was set up in January 1994. Unfortunately, data from the registry will not be available for the next few years. Most of the data available about the pattern of cancer in Saudi Arabia in general and in the gastrointestinal tract, came from individual institutions, most of which are tertiary referral centers. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] These reports are based on hospital-based tumor registries and mainly address crude relative frequency (CRF) for various types of cancer, from which we may infer which cancers are the most common. Studying the pattern of gastrointestinal cancer in Saudi Arabia is very important for health planning. Most of the cancers presented were in the advanced stage, and therefore, not amenable to any specific curative treatment. Some of these cancers could be prevented if we worked to eliminate possible etiological factors, or at least detect them in early stages by appropriate screening methods, especially in high-risk populations. The current study aims at further analysis of primary gastrointestinal tract malignancy in King Khalid University Hospital. Patients and MethodsKing Khalid University Hospital is a 650-bed teaching hospital which was opened in 1992. There is no tumor registry in the hospital, but all patients who have a histologically conf...

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“…As the number of patients with CHCV in our center is increasing, 6,7 we opted to examine the therapeutic effect of IFN in a pilot study of 18 Saudi patients. They all had serology evidence of HCV and liver biopsy evidence of chronic active hepatitis with or without active cirrhosis.…”

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Alpha Interferon in Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Viral Infection (CHCV): Pilot Study of 18 Patients

Al-Karawi

Ahmed

Yousuf

et al. 1994

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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Eighteen patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection (CHCV) were treated with three million units of interferon (IFN) three times a week for a minimum of six months. Four (22.2%) had completely responded, two (11.1%) had partial response and the rest (eight or 44.4%) did not show any evidence of response. After stopping treatment, patients who had a complete or partial response developed a relapse during the follow-up period. Few reversible adverse effects of treatment were reported in more than half of the patients. So, we conclude that three million units of IFN three times weekly is not recommended for treating patients with CHCV. Perhaps a larger dose of five to six million units should be tried and for a longer duration. Ann Saudi Med 1994;14(6):464-466. Since a large number of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHCV) progress to liver cirrhosis with antecedent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 there has been a pressing demand to consider treatment proposals. Among these, alpha interferons have shown encouraging results in some studies with complete response achieved in 23% to 48% of patients.2,3 The dosage regime and duration of therapy are yet to be defined. For instance, trials using 3 mU have reported better results than when smaller doses were used, i.e., 1 mU for the same duration of treatment. 4 It is now suggested that a dose of 5 mU to 6 mU three times weekly is desirable, probably for one year. 5The major drawback, however, is the high recurrence rate after cessation of therapy or indeed during the period of therapy.As the number of patients with CHCV in our center is increasing, 6,7 we opted to examine the therapeutic effect of IFN in a pilot study of 18 Saudi patients. They all had serology evidence of HCV and liver biopsy evidence of chronic active hepatitis with or without active cirrhosis. Treatment was given for a minimum of six months and the maximum follow-up period was two years. This preliminary report discusses the outcome of initial phase of therapy. Patients and MethodsTwenty-two consecutive patients with (CHCV) were enrolled in this study, four of whom have been lost to follow-up and only 18 were available for completing the study. There were 12 males and six females. The mean age of the patients was 47.5 years; range 28 to 62 years. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for patients included in the study were: HCV antibody positive, persistently elevated serum aminotransferase (xl.5) for at least six months, chronic hepatitis with or without cirrhosis on liver biopsy.The exclusion criteria were: cirrhosis of child B and C, HBsAg positive, autoimmune markers positive in high titer, previous treatment with interferons, cardiovascular disease, and malignancy.Routine laboratory investigations including full blood counts, liver function tests, especially ALT and AST, HBV markers, anti-HCV, ANA and ultrasound of the abdomen were done for all patients. Antibodies against HCV were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (second generation ELISA for anti-HCV, Ortho Diagnostic ...

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The Association between Hepatitis C Virus Antibody and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Relation to Hepatitis B Viral Infection (Rafh Experience)

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Middle Eastern Population

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Middle Eastern Population

Pattern of Primary Gastrointestinal Cancer: King Khalid University Hospital Experience and Review of Published National Data

Alpha Interferon in Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Viral Infection (CHCV): Pilot Study of 18 Patients

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