The association between household socio-economic status, maternal socio-demographic characteristics and adverse birth and infant growth outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Ng’andu, Brian; Momberg, Douglas; Magan, Ansuyah; Chola, Lumbwe; Norris, Shane A.; Said‐Mohamed, Rihlat

doi:10.1017/s2040174419000680

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Among them in India, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, and Pakistan 8,[26][27][28] . This finding reinforces the results of a previous systematic review analyzing publications in three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct), which found that the socioeconomic disparities of LBW existed in 11 studies published in English 29 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Socioeconomic Disparities of Low Birth Weight in Rural Indonesia

Laksono

Wulandari

Matahari

2020

Preprint

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Background: Poverty is estimated to increase a mother's chances of giving birth to a low birth weight baby (LBW). Objective: This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic disparities of LBW in rural Indonesia.Methods: Mother aged 15-49 years old who had given birth in the last 5 years in rural Indonesia was used as the unit of analysis. With stratification and multistage random sampling found 19,283 mothers were sampled. The variables analyzed included LBW, socioeconomic, age, marital, education, employment, and antenatal care (ANC). The binary logistic regression test was used at the final stage to determine the existence of disparities.Results: The results show that the mother with the poorer wealth status was 0.686 times more likely than the poorest mother to give birth to an LBW baby. Mothers with middle wealth status were 0.688 times more likely than the poorest mothers to give birth to LBW babies. Mothers with richer wealth status were 0.621 times more likely than the poorest mothers to give birth to LBW babies. Finally, the richest mothers were 0.452 times more likely than the poorest mothers to give birth to LBW babies. The results of this analysis inform that the better the socioeconomic of mothers, the lower the likelihood of giving birth to LBW babies. Apart from socioeconomics, the analysis also found two other predictors of LBW in rural Indonesia, namely education level and ANC visits.Conclusion: It was concluded that there were socioeconomic disparities of LBW in rural Indonesia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Socioeconomic Disparities of Low Birth Weight in Rural Indonesia

Laksono

Wulandari

Matahari

2020

Preprint

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“…The socioeconomic, educational and ethnic diversity of the Brazilian population is tremendous, and these characteristics can influence maternal body composition. 45 MUAC must be specific to different populations. The originality of the study was to investigate a cohort of over a 1000 pregnant women from different regions of Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The socioeconomic, educational and ethnic diversity of the Brazilian population is tremendous, and these characteristics can influence maternal body composition. 45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of MUAC as a fast tool to monitor pregnancy nutritional status: results from a cohort study in Brazil

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveIn Brazil, although the assessment of maternal nutritional status is recommended using body mass index (BMI), this is only possible in settings adequately prepared. Midupper arm circumference (MUAC) is another biological variable identified as a tool for rapid assessment of nutritional status that is correlated with BMI. Therefore, we aim to surrogate BMI by MUAC cut-offs for rapid screening of maternal nutritional status starting at midpregnancy.DesignAnalysis of the multicentre cohort study entitled ‘Preterm SAMBA’ using an approach of validation of diagnostic test.SettingOutpatient prenatal care clinics from five tertiary maternity hospitals from three different Brazilian regions.Participants1165 pregnant women attending prenatal care services from 2015 to 2018 and with diverse ethnic characteristics who were enrolled at midpregnancy and followed in three visits at different gestational weeks.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, likelihood ratio and accuracy of MUAC being used instead of BMI for the assessment of nutritional status of women during pregnancy.ResultsWe found a strong correlation between MUAC and BMI, in the three set points analysed (r=0.872, 0.870 and 0.831, respectively). Based on BMI categories of nutritional status, we estimated the best MUAC cut-off points, finding measures according to each category: underweight <25.75 cm (19–39 weeks); overweight 28.11–30.15 cm (19–21 weeks), 28.71–30.60 cm (27–29 weeks) and 29.46–30.25 cm (37–39 weeks); and obese >30.15 cm (19–21 weeks), >30.60 cm (27–29 weeks) and >30.25 cm (37–39 weeks) per gestational week. Therefore, we defined as adequate between 25.75–28.10 cm (19–21 weeks), 25.75–28.70 cm (27–29 weeks) and 25.75–29.45 cm (37–39 weeks) of MUAC.ConclusionWe conclude that MUAC can be useful as a surrogate for BMI as a faster screening of nutritional status in pregnant women.

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“…Breastfeeding is a positive health behavior that is more prevalent among women with low levels of formal education compared to women with high levels of formal education in LMICs. Because higher levels of formal education are positively correlated with socio-economic status [ 6 ] a higher prevalence of breastfeeding among women with lower compared to higher levels of formal education has helped to reduce the nutrition and health equity gaps between rich and poor children within and across countries. WHO considers ensuring equitable access to breast milk for all infants is a key component of essential newborn care [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal education and equity in breastfeeding: trends and patterns in 81 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2019

Neves

Barros

Gatica-Domínguez

et al. 2021

Int J Equity Health

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Background In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), low levels of formal maternal educational are positively associated with breastfeeding whereas the reverse is true among women with higher levels of formal education. As such, breastfeeding has helped to reduce health equity gaps between rich and poor children. Our paper examines trends in breastfeeding and formula consumption by maternal educational in LMICs over nearly two decades. Methods We used 319 nationally representative surveys from 81 countries. We used WHO definitions for breastfeeding indicators and categorized maternal education into three categories: none, primary, and secondary or higher. We grouped countries according to the World Bank income groups and UNICEF regions classifications. The trend analyses were performed through multilevel linear regression to obtain average absolute annual changes in percentage points. Results Significant increases in prevalence were observed for early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding across all education categories, but more prominently in women with no formal education for early breastfeeding and in higher level educated women for exclusive breastfeeding. Small decreases in prevalence were seen mostly for women with no formal education for continued breastfeeding at 1 and 2 years. Among formula indicators, only formula consumption between 6 and 23 months decreased significantly over the period for women with primary education. Analysis by world regions demonstrated that gains in early and exclusive breastfeeding were almost universally distributed among education categories, except in the Middle East and North Africa where they decreased throughout education categories. Continued breastfeeding at 1 and 2 years increased in South Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Eastern Europe and Central Asia for primary or higher education categories. Declines occurred for the group of no formal education in South Asia and nearly all education categories in the Middle East and North Africa with a decline steeper for continued breastfeeding at 2 years. With a few exceptions, the use of formula is higher among children of women at the highest education level in all regions. Conclusions Over the course of our study, women with no formal education have worsening breastfeeding indicators compared to women with primary and secondary or higher education.

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The association between household socio-economic status, maternal socio-demographic characteristics and adverse birth and infant growth outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Cited by 43 publications

References 58 publications

Socioeconomic Disparities of Low Birth Weight in Rural Indonesia

Socioeconomic Disparities of Low Birth Weight in Rural Indonesia

Proposal of MUAC as a fast tool to monitor pregnancy nutritional status: results from a cohort study in Brazil

Maternal education and equity in breastfeeding: trends and patterns in 81 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2019

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