The Association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) During Pregnancy and Birth Weight

Navvabi-Rigi, Shahin-Dokht; Moudi, Zahra; Sheikhi, Zahra Pahlavani; Moudi, Fatemeh

doi:10.4172/0032-745x.1000295

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The issue of intimate partner violence (IPV) is also a worldwide public health and human rights concern [8][9][10], and it is a risk factor for several mental and physical health outcomes, including STI/HIV infections, unintended pregnancies, injuries and abortion [11][12][13]. IPV is pervasive globally [14][15][16], and it comes in the form of sexual, psychological or emotional aggression [9,13], usually perpetrated by male partners against female partners [9]. Globally, approximately 35% of all women have experienced domestic violence either by their partners or third parties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiences of IPV during pregnancy may increase women vulnerability to ill health [12]. The various forms of IPV, such as physical, psychological, sexual, or emotional abuse, have also been shown to have an indirect adverse effect on foetal health outcomes, including low birth weight [16][17][18]. For example, a recent study in Ethiopia found an increased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight among pregnant women who experienced multiple forms of IPV [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth

et al. 2021

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Background Preterm birth is a risk factor for child survival in both the short and long term. In Zimbabwe, the prevalence of preterm birth is rising, and there are growing concerns about the adverse consequences. This study explored the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy and preterm birth in Zimbabwe. Methods Using data from the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey, we applied propensity score matching to estimate the effect of IPV during pregnancy on preterm birth among women of reproductive age (15–49 years). A total of 4833 pregnant women who gave birth during the five years preceding the survey were analysed. Results We successfully matched 79 women who were exposed to IPV during pregnancy to 372 unexposed during pregnancy. Using the matched sample, the probability of preterm delivery was significantly higher among women who were exposed to IPV during pregnancy than those who were not exposed. The findings showed that 7 out of 79 (8.9%) of women exposed to IPV during pregnancy experienced preterm delivery, and 11 out of 372 (3.0%) of those who were not exposed to IPV during pregnancy experienced preterm delivery. In the urban areas, those exposed to IPV during pregnancy were almost five times more likely to experience preterm delivery (OR = 4.8, 95% CI 2.0–11.6), but the association was not significantly different among women in rural areas. Conclusion The findings showed that women exposed to IPV during pregnancy were at increased risk of preterm birth. Some of the risk factors associated with IPV were urban residence, low economic status and unemployment. Effective policies and programmes are required to address the issue of IPV in Zimbabwe.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth

et al. 2021

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“…IPV is one of the most common forms of gender-based violence, and it can have both short and long-term negative consequences for babies and mothers [ 5 ]. Physical, psychological, emotional, sexual, economic, and social abuse are manifestations of IPV, which have been shown to have a negative impact on maternal health and adverse birth outcomes [ 6 , 7 ]. Women who have been exposed to IPV are less likely to obtain adequate prenatal and skilled delivery care than women who have not been abused [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Intimate partner violence is a significant public health issue that affects maternal and neonatal health worldwide. Several studies have been conducted to investigate the prevalence of intimate partner violence during pregnancy as well as the factors that contribute to it. As a result, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of intimate partner violence on birth outcomes. Methods International databases including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and CINAHL were used to search primary studies. The quality and strength of the included studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. The studies heterogeneity and publication biases were assessed using I2 statistics and Egger’s regression test. The Meta-analysis was carried out using STATA version 16 software. Results A total of nine hundred and fifty-eight articles were retrieved from various databases, and seventeen articles were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of intimate violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia was 32.23% (95% CI 28.02% -36.45%). During pregnancy, intimate partner violence was a significant predictor of low birth weight (AOR: 3.69, 95%CI 1.61–8.50) and preterm birth (AOR: 2.23, 95%CI 1.64–3.04). Conclusion One in every three pregnant women experiences intimate partner violence. Women who experienced intimate partner violence during their pregnancy are more likely to experience adverse outcomes such as premature delivery and low birth weight infants.

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Associations between intimate partner violence and adverse birth outcomes during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Guo,

Wan,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) has been associated with an elevated risk of multiple adverse birth outcomes, yet little is known about how specific IPV influences adverse birth outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the association between IPV during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes (i.e., preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth).MethodsSystematic searches were conducted using four databases: EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and CINAHL for observational studies published from 1 January 2011 to 31 August 2021. Two reviewers independently carried out the literature search, study selection, data extraction, assessment of the study, and risk of bias assessment; disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. A random-effect model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth. I2 statistic accompanied by chi-square p-value was used to assess heterogeneity, and funnel plot and Peter's test were used to assess publication bias.ResultsIn total, 23 studies met the inclusion criterion. IPV was associated with preterm birth (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.37–2.49; I2 = 88%), low birth weight (OR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.66–4.48; I2 = 95%), and stillbirth (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 0.86–3.54; I2 = 64%). We attained comparable results among all specific IPV including physical, sexual, emotional, and mixed.ConclusionIntimate partner violence and specific IPV during pregnancy were significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes, especially for physical IPV. An urgent need for greater action to prevent or intervene in IPV during pregnancy is warranted.Systematic review registrationCRD42021282936, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.

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The Association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) During Pregnancy and Birth Weight

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth

Association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Associations between intimate partner violence and adverse birth outcomes during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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