The association between jockey experience and race-day falls in flat racing in Australia

Hitchens, Peta L.; Blizzard, Leigh; Jones, Graeme; Day, Lesley Margaret; Fell, James C.

doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040255

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Within the lost rider multivariable model apprentice jockeys claiming a weight allowance were over represented. This observation is in support of data reported out of Australia [ 31 ], where the rate of falls by apprentice jockeys was inversely proportional to experience. The dataset did not contain jockey names only the weight a horse was carded and the weight the horse actually carried during the race.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Season (Spring) and race grade (maiden/lower rating horses) were positively associated with lost rider. The race grade effect was also supported by a study of predictors of jockey falls in flat racing in Australia and followed up with the study on early career jockeys [ 31 , 32 ]. The season effect may be due to the horses starting a new campaign in spring and the start of a racing career for young and less experienced horses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Analysis of Failure to Finish a Race in a Cohort of Thoroughbred Racehorses in New Zealand

Tanner

Rogers

Bolwell

et al. 2016

Animals

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Simple SummaryOverall, the failure to finish rate in New Zealand, 2.88 per 1000 horse starts (95% CI 2.64–3.12), was lower than international figures for race day catastrophic injury. Racing and environmental variables such as horse experience, race distance and season were associated with failure to finish a race. Catastrophic injury accounted for approximately half the failure to finish events. Jockey falls were positively associated with less experienced jockeys and horses.AbstractThe objective was to describe the incidence of failure to finish a race in flat-racing Thoroughbreds in New Zealand as these are summary indicators of falls, injuries and poor performance. Retrospective data on six complete flat racing seasons (n = 188,615 race starts) of all Thoroughbred flat race starts from 1 August 2005 to 31 July 2011 were obtained. The incidence of failure to finish events and binomial exact 95% confidence intervals were calculated per 1000 horse starts. The association between horse-, rider- and race-level variables with the outcomes failure to finish, pulled-up/fell and lost rider were examined with a mixed effects Poisson regression model. A total of 544 horses failed to finish in 188,615 race starts with an overall incidence of 2.88 per 1000 horse starts (95% CI 2.64–3.12). The incidence of failure to finish horses across each race year showed little variability. In the univariable analysis race distance, larger field size, season, and ratings bands showed association with failing to finish a race. The overall failure to finish outcome was associated with season, race distance and ratings bands (horse experience and success ranking criteria). In the multivariable analysis, race distance and ratings bands were associated with horses that pulled-up/fell; season, apprentice allowances and ratings bands were associated with the outcome lost rider. The failure to finish rate was lower than international figures for race day catastrophic injury. Racing and environmental variables were associated with failure to finish a race highlighting the multifactorial nature of race-day events. Further investigation of risk factors for failure to finish is required to better understand the reasons for a low failure to finish rate in Thoroughbred flat races in New Zealand.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Analysis of Failure to Finish a Race in a Cohort of Thoroughbred Racehorses in New Zealand

Tanner

Rogers

Bolwell

et al. 2016

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It does appear, however, that competition riders were less frequently involved in injurious horse‐related incidents, and this could be connected to an increased level of riding proficiency or experience in horse handling. This reflects previous investigations which have found increased involvement in horse‐related injury events and injurious falls for less‐experienced riders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Mapping equestrian injuries and injury incidence in Sweden using insurance registry data

Meredith

Stigson

2019

Transl Sports Med

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A nationwide insurance database including all members of the Swedish Equestrian Federation and acute injuries reported to Folksam Insurance Group during 2017 was used to investigate horse‐related injuries and calculate injury incidence nationally. Of the 152 069 insured members during 2017, 907 were injured, an average of 1.2 injuries per injured person. Females represented 96.9% of all those injured and had a higher risk of injury than males (RR = 3.18). The average age of injured equestrians was 30 years, and the highest injury incidence was for riders aged 21‐40 years (RR = 8.83) and 41+− year‐olds (RR = 7.33). The most common diagnoses included soft‐tissue injuries (39%), fractures (36.7%), and concussions (17.3%). The most frequently injured body regions were the head and neck (36.4%) and the upper limbs (22.3%). Horse‐related injuries occurred most frequently while riding a horse (86.2%), and the most frequent incident type was a fall (77.4%). The type of incident and activity was not independent from injury type. Injuries to equestrians represent a sizable public health concern. Injury prevention methods should be directed toward females, and protection against injury should be targeted for different incidents. Focus should be on preventing fall injuries, with appropriate matching of horse and rider and horsemanship skills.

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“…The increased risk of falls makes amateur racing more dangerous for those jockeys involved in point-to-point races with more opportunity for injury. Strategies should be investigated to reduce the incidence of falls in amateur racing, such as providing more opportunities to practice and maintain skill levels 7 and ensuring that a minimum number of rides are performed annually as a requirement to hold a racing Variable 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total Mean (95% Confidence Interval) No.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 9-Year Epidemiologic Study (2007–2015) on Race-Day Jockey Fall and Injury Incidence in Amateur Irish Horse Racing

O’Connor

Warrington

et al. 2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context Point-to-point racing may place jockeys at risk of serious injuries due to the high incidence of falls as previously reported. Despite many advances in health and safety strategies, the incidence of falls and injuries in point-to-point racing has not been reported since 2006. Objectives To provide a longitudinal analysis of the fall and injury incidence in point-to-point horse racing jockeys in Ireland from 2007 to 2015 and compare these findings with the previous literature. Design Descriptive epidemiologic study. Setting All injuries that occurred due to a fall at every official point-to-point race meeting from 2007 to 2015 were recorded by a medical doctor using a standardized injury report form. Main Outcome Measure(s) Falls and injury rates and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs), 95% confidence intervals and percentage change were compared between point-to-point and professional racing, between previous data and the current results, and from 2007 to 2015. Results An average of 67.40 injuries/1000 falls and 9.08 injuries/1000 rides occurred in point-to-point racing, and this was reduced compared with the previous analysis. Amateur jockeys sustained an overall mean of 134.77 falls/1000 rides and the yearly means decreased over the 9 years of the study. Amateur jockeys sustained a higher fall rate than professional jockeys (flat: IRR = 35.47 [31.03, 40.54]; jump: IRR = 2.72 [2.63, 2.82]); however, their injuries/1000 falls rate was lower (flat: IRR = 0.19 [0.15, 0.24]; jump: IRR = 0.33 [0.30, 0.63]). Soft tissue injuries were predominant (43.09%), with 26.06 fractures and 9.98 concussions/1000 falls occurring. Conclusions Although injuries have been reduced since the previous analysis, more serious injuries such as fractures and concussions were more common in point-to-point racing than professional racing, possibly due to their higher fall risk. Thus, identifying strategies to reduce the fall risk in point-to-point racing should be a priority.

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The association between jockey experience and race-day falls in flat racing in Australia

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Analysis of Failure to Finish a Race in a Cohort of Thoroughbred Racehorses in New Zealand

Analysis of Failure to Finish a Race in a Cohort of Thoroughbred Racehorses in New Zealand

Mapping equestrian injuries and injury incidence in Sweden using insurance registry data

A 9-Year Epidemiologic Study (2007–2015) on Race-Day Jockey Fall and Injury Incidence in Amateur Irish Horse Racing

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