The Association between Maternal Mortality and Non-Medical factors in African Countries

Abstract

The medical expertise to treat to complications arising from pregnancy and childbirth has not spared girls and women in developing countries from dying of such conditions. Developing countries account for the bulk of the global share of maternal deaths with complications of pregnancy and childbirth being the leading cause of death in young women aged between 15 and 49. Sub-Saharan Africa is responsible for nearly three-fifths of all global maternal deaths which have saddled it with notoriously high levels of maternal mortality ratios, a concern that has been red-flagged internationally and regionally. Most studies on maternal mortality in Africa have been confined to an examination of factors impinging on maternal mortality from both medical and socioeconomic standpoints for individual country's based on survey data. Our study differs from others as it employs logistic regression to look at the association between non-medical factors and maternal mortality nationally for all African countries. Whilst the results from the logistic regression suggests that there is no statistically significant relationship between any of the variables and maternal mortality, the odds ratio for Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross National Income per capita (GNI) imply that African countries with low HDI are about three time more likely to have high maternal mortality compared to high HDI countries. Similarly, African countries with low GNI are about five times more likely to have high maternal mortality compared to high GNI countries.

Examination of maternal mortality in Subsaharan Africa

“…This same region has also recorded a high average maternal mortality ratio for the same period. Studies conducted by Hasan, 2020, Lalthapersad-Pillay, 2014Asefzadeh (2013); Tajik et al 2012;Lee et al 1997; have found a significant relationship between maternal mortality and human development. However, SSA region, where human development is low, coupled with higher maternal mortality, there is still a lack of studies examining the relationship between maternal mortality and human development this region.…”