The association between n-3 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes and insulin resistance: The inuit health in transition study

Thorseng, Trine; Witte, Daniel R.; Vistisen, Dorte; Borch‐Johnsen, Knut; Bjerregaard, Peter; Jørgensen, Marit Eika

doi:10.3402/ijch.v68i4.17373

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our results also disagree with those obtained by Pedersen et al among Greenlanders [18]. That population presents high mercury levels but also high n-3 PUFAs levels [30] which could influence BP [31]. However, statistical models were only adjusted for age and BMI, which could result in some residual confounding bias.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Influence of mercury exposure on blood pressure, resting heart rate and heart rate variability in French Polynesians: a cross-sectional study

Valera¹,

Dewailly

Poirier

et al. 2011

Environ Health

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BackgroundPopulations which diet is rich in seafood are highly exposed to contaminants such as mercury, which could affect cardiovascular risk factorsObjectiveTo assess the associations between mercury and blood pressure (BP), resting heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) among French PolynesiansMethodsData were collected among 180 adults (≥ 18 years) and 101 teenagers (12-17 years). HRV was measured using a two-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram (Holter) and BP was measured using a standardized protocol. The association between mercury and HRV and BP parameters was studied using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)ResultsAmong teenagers, the high frequency (HF) decreased between the 2nd and 3rd tertile (380 vs. 204 ms2, p = 0.03) and a similar pattern was observed for the square root of the mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals (rMSSD) (43 vs. 30 ms, p = 0.005) after adjusting for confounders. In addition, the ratio low/high frequency (LF/HF) increased between the 2nd and 3rd tertile (2.3 vs. 3.0, p = 0.04). Among adults, the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) tended to decrease between the 1st and 2nd tertile (84 vs. 75 ms, p = 0.069) after adjusting for confounders. Furthermore, diastolic BP tended to increase between the 2nd and 3rd tertile (86 vs. 91 mm Hg, p = 0.09). No significant difference was observed in resting HR or pulse pressure (PP)ConclusionsMercury was associated with decreased HRV among French Polynesian teenagers while no significant association was observed with resting HR, BP, or PP among teenagers or adults

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Influence of mercury exposure on blood pressure, resting heart rate and heart rate variability in French Polynesians: a cross-sectional study

Valera¹,

Dewailly

Poirier

et al. 2011

Environ Health

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“…Also in this case our results are in contrast with Simão et al that reported an increase of insulin resistance with n-3 PUFA, but in line with Thorseng et al [44] and Huang et al [45] that suggested that some types of n-3 PUFA may have a protective effect against insulin resistance. Also a review conducted by Moreno-Aliaga et al [46] reached the same results, concluding that the ability of n-3 PUFA to improve obesity and insulin resistance conditions partially results from the modulation of white adipose tissue metabolism and the secretion of bioactive adipokines including leptin, ADN, and visfatin.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Effects of n‐3 PUFA on insulin resistance after an oral fat load

Derosa

Cicero

Fogari

et al. 2011

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of v-3 PUFA (n-3 PUFA) on lipid profile and insulin resistance biomarkers. Patients were assigned to receive placebo or n-3 PUFA 1 g three times a day, during the meals, for 6 months. We evaluated: body mass index (BMI), body weight, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, lipid profile, resistin (r), retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), adiponectin (ADN), visfatin, and vaspin. Furthermore patients underwent an oral fat load (OFL) and an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to evaluate M value, and total glucose requirement (TGR). Triglycerides value obtained with n-3 PUFA was lower, while HDL-C, and ADN values were higher compared to placebo. After the OFL, and comparing the OFL performed at the baseline and at the end of the study, there was a decrease of triglycerides (Tg), resistin (r), and RBP-4 values, and an increase of ADN value with n-3 PUFA, but not with placebo. We conclude that the treatment with n-3 PUFA resulted in a greater improvement of lipid profile and ADN compared to placebo in a baseline condition, and an improvement of all insulin resistance parameters after an OFL. Practical applications:The inverse association between dietary intake of n-3 PUFA and cardiovascular disease morbidity/mortality was primarily established following the observation that the Greenland Inuits had low mortality from coronary heart disease despite a fat-rich diet. Our group has already shown that n-3 PUFA improved the lipid profile and the coagulation, fibrinolytic, and inflammatory parameters compared to placebo. We also observed that highly purified n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly reduced the blood pressure, pulse pressure, and basal heart rate in hypertriglyceridemic patients with normal-high blood pressure. The current study showed that treatment with n-3 PUFA not only improved lipid profile in a baseline situation, but it also improved all insulin resistance parameters in a post-prandial situation simulated with an OFL. This is another important action of the n-3 PUFA which can increase their utility in the clinical practice.

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“…higher educational levels among Inuits in larger towns in Greenland and in Denmark; and psychosocial problems with alcohol abuse among Inuits in the small villages). No studies showed any distinct relation between change in dietary habits, increase in cardiovascular risk factors, or incidence of chronic disease (including diabetes) among the Inuit (29–47). There was no distinct relation between diet and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases in general among other immigrant groups (48–55).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population groups in dietary transition

Wändell¹

2013

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundLittle is known about the effects of dietary acculturation in minority groups in the Nordic countries, including immigrants from non-Western societies.MethodsA search was performed in Medlin33e/PubMed and SweMed+ for articles published in 1990–2011.ResultsA total of 840 articles were identified, with a final 32 articles used to tabulate results which were included in the primary analysis. High rates of vitamin D deficiency (23 articles) were found in immigrants of non-Western origin; deficiency rates were very high among both pregnant and non-pregnant women, and also among children, with young children of immigrant parents showing 50 times higher risk for rickets when compared to children of indigenous parents. The risk of iron deficiency (two articles) was high among immigrant women, while the results were inconclusive regarding children. High rates of dental caries (seven articles) were found among pre-school and younger school children of immigrant origin, while the risk of caries was not as evident among older children. In a secondary analysis, including 48 articles (results not tabulated), overweight and obesity (14 articles) were seen in many immigrant groups, resulting in a high prevalence of diabetes (2 review articles from a total of 14 original articles) and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD; seven articles). For hypertension (three articles), dyslipidemia (four articles), and dietary patterns among immigrants (10 articles), the results were contradictory.ConclusionsRisk of vitamin D deficiency is alarmingly high in the Nordic countries among immigrants of non-Western origin, especially among women. Dental caries is high among immigrant children aged 0–7 years due to a higher intake of sugary products. Overweight and obesity, associated with a higher risk of diabetes and CHD, are prevalent in many immigrant groups and need further attention.

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The association between n-3 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes and insulin resistance: The inuit health in transition study

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Influence of mercury exposure on blood pressure, resting heart rate and heart rate variability in French Polynesians: a cross-sectional study

Influence of mercury exposure on blood pressure, resting heart rate and heart rate variability in French Polynesians: a cross-sectional study

Effects of n‐3 PUFA on insulin resistance after an oral fat load

Population groups in dietary transition

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