Background
Research on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among older adult cancer survivors is mostly confined to breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancer, which account for 63% of all prevalent cancers. Much less is known about HRQOL in the context of less common cancer sites.
Methods
We examined HRQOL using the Short-Form-36 v1 (SF-36) and Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) in selected cancers (kidney, bladder, pancreas, upper gastrointestinal, oral cavity & pharynx, uterine, cervical, thyroid, melanoma, chronic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma) and individuals without cancer using data linked from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry system and the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (MHOS). We calculated scale scores, physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores, and a preference-based score (SF-6D/ VR-6D) adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics and other chronic conditions. We considered a 3-point difference on the scale scores and a 2-point on PCS/MCS as minimally important differences.
Results
Data from 16,095 cancer survivors and 1,224,529 individuals without a history of cancer were included. Results indicate noteworthy deficits in physical health status. Mental health was comparable, although role limitations due to emotional problems and social functioning scale scores were worse for most cancer sites than for those without cancer. Survivors of multiple myeloma and pancreatic malignancy reported the lowest scores, with PCS/MCS scores 1 standard deviation or more below that of individuals without cancer.
Conclusion
HRQOL surveillance efforts reveal poor health outcomes among many older adults, specifically survivors of multiple myeloma and pancreatic cancer.