The association between ownership of common household devices and obesity and diabetes in high, middle and low income countries

Lear, Scott A.; Teo, Koon; Gasevic, Danijela; Zhang, Xiaohe; Poirier, Paul; Rangarajan, Sumathy; Serón, Pamela; Kelishadi, Roya; Tamil, Azmi Mohd; Kruger, Annamarie; Iqbal, Romaina; Swidan, Hani M.; Gómez-Arbeláez, Diego; Yusuf, Rita; Chifamba, Jephat; Kutty, V. Raman; Karşıdağ, Kubilay; Kumar, Rajesh; Wei, Li; Szuba, Andrzej; Avezum, Álvaro; Dı́az, Rafael; Anand, Sonia S.; Rosengren, Annika; Yusuf, Salim

doi:10.1503/cmaj.131090

Cited by 62 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Recent research comparing 17 HIC, middle-income countries (MIC), and LIC demonstrated that household ownership of televisions, computers, and cars increased as country income level increased; that ownership was positively associated with obesity and diabetes in LMIC; and this relationship was partially mediated by decreased physical activity and increased sedentary behavior. 107 Temptations for sedentary behaviors are increasing as the world becomes increasingly cyber-centric, auto-dependent, and urbanized, consistent with epidemiological and physical activity transitions. 18,19,101 Self-report sedentary behavior data on representative samples of children and youth from 42 countries revealed that 62% and 63% of 13-and 15-year-olds, respectively, watched ≥2 hours of television per day on weekdays.…”

Section: Successes and Challenges Based On Indicator Gradesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of sedentary behavior, from a movement behavior perspective, has gained significant momentum in recent years, in recognition of the significant relationship with measures of health and health risk. 88,[105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114] The ubiquity of low grades in the Global Matrix 2.0 suggests that public health messaging around limiting sedentary behavior, and screen time in particular, may be an important area of focus and research as lifestyle transitions occur throughout the world. Measures of screen time and related technologies are evolving rapidly and future surveillance must attempt to keep pace with this evolution.…”

Section: Successes and Challenges Based On Indicator Gradesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Matrix 2.0: Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 38 Countries

Tremblay

Barnes

González

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

392

400

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The Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance organized the concurrent preparation of Report Cards on the physical activity of children and youth in 38 countries from 6 continents (representing 60% of the world’s population). Nine common indicators were used (Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport Participation, Active Play, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behavior, Family and Peers, School, Community and the Built Environment, and Government Strategies and Investments), and all Report Cards were generated through a harmonized development process and a standardized grading framework (from A = excellent, to F = failing). The 38 Report Cards were presented at the International Congress on Physical Activity and Public Health in Bangkok, Thailand on November 16, 2016. The consolidated findings are summarized in the form of a Global Matrix demonstrating substantial variation in grades both within and across countries. Countries that lead in certain indicators often lag in others. Average grades for both Overall Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior around the world are D (low/poor). In contrast, the average grade for indicators related to supports for physical activity was C. Lower-income countries generally had better grades on Overall Physical Activity, Active Transportation, and Sedentary Behaviors compared with higher-income countries, yet worse grades for supports from Family and Peers, Community and the Built Environment, and Government Strategies and Investments. Average grades for all indicators combined were highest (best) in Denmark, Slovenia, and the Netherlands. Many surveillance and research gaps were apparent, especially for the Active Play and Family and Peers indicators. International cooperation and cross-fertilization is encouraged to address existing challenges, understand underlying determinants, conceive innovative solutions, and mitigate the global childhood inactivity crisis. The paradox of higher physical activity and lower sedentary behavior in countries reporting poorer infrastructure, and lower physical activity and higher sedentary behavior in countries reporting better infrastructure, suggests that autonomy to play, travel, or chore requirements and/or fewer attractive sedentary pursuits, rather than infrastructure and structured activities, may facilitate higher levels of physical activity.

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Section: Successes and Challenges Based On Indicator Gradesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Successes and Challenges Based On Indicator Gradesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Matrix 2.0: Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 38 Countries

Tremblay

Barnes

González

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

392

400

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…64 Of particular relevance to the present discussion, this relationship was partially mediated by decreased PA and increased sedentary behavior. 78 As the world becomes increasingly "wired," auto-dependent and urbanized, the temptation and convenience of sedentary living seems likely to increase. Self-report sedentary behavior data on representative samples of children and youth from 39 countries around the world revealed that 56%, 65%, and 63% of 11-, 13-, and 15-year-olds, respectively, watched 2 or more hours of television per day on weekdays.…”

Section: Who Is Leading and Lagging?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity of Children: A Global Matrix of Grades Comparing 15 Countries

Tremblay¹,

Gray²,

Akinroye³

et al. 2014

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

334

287

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The Active Healthy Kids Canada (AHKC) Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth has been effective in powering the movement to get kids moving by influencing priorities, policies, and practice in Canada. The AHKC Report Card process was replicated in 14 additional countries from 5 continents using 9 common indicators (Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport Participation, Active Play, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behavior, Family and Peers, School, Community and Built Environment, and Government Strategies and Investments), a harmonized process and a standardized grading framework. The 15 Report Cards were presented at the Global Summit on the Physical Activity of Children in Toronto on May 20, 2014. The consolidated findings are summarized here in the form of a global matrix of grades. There is a large spread in grades across countries for most indicators. Countries that lead in certain indicators lag in others. Overall, the grades for indicators of physical activity (PA) around the world are low/poor. Many countries have insufficient information to assign a grade, particularly for the Active Play and Family and Peers indicators. Grades for Sedentary Behaviors are, in general, better in low income countries. The Community and Built Environment indicator received high grades in high income countries and notably lower grades in low income countries. There was a pattern of higher PA and lower sedentary behavior in countries reporting poorer infrastructure, and lower PA and higher sedentary behavior in countries reporting better infrastructure, which presents an interesting paradox. Many surveillance and research gaps and weaknesses were apparent. International cooperation and cross-fertilization is encouraged to tackle existing challenges, understand underlying mechanisms, derive innovative solutions, and overcome the expanding childhood inactivity crisis.

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“…37,38 The role of a car in reducing energy expenditure needs no explanation but a television set is the home device most associated with increased overweight/obesity in children. Studies from many countries show that overweight prevalences in adolescents increase with the number of hours spent watching television.…”

Section: Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood obesity in low- and middle-income countries

Poskitt¹

2014

Paediatrics and International Child Health

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Overweight and obesity in childhood is an increasing problem for the less affluent countries of the world. The prevalence of overweight/obesity varies, not only between countries but across countries, depending on the environments in which children live. Changes in physical activity and diet are having adverse effects on children's nutrition. Greater affluence and urbanisation with more technology such as television in homes are associated with overweight. Affluence also brings the ability to purchase commercial, prepared 'fast-food' items, leading too often to disadvantageous effects on children's diets. The solutions to this rising tide of overweight/obesity seem to lie with broad-based programmes initiated at central government level or at more local community level but which are designed to reach across and throughout societies to enable families and communities to modify the unhealthy lifestyle which too often accompanies increasing affluence and development.

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The association between ownership of common household devices and obesity and diabetes in high, middle and low income countries

Cited by 62 publications

References 31 publications

Global Matrix 2.0: Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 38 Countries

Global Matrix 2.0: Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 38 Countries

Physical Activity of Children: A Global Matrix of Grades Comparing 15 Countries

Childhood obesity in low- and middle-income countries

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