“…Studies have shown that (Christensen et al, 2022;Crowley et al, 2022;Iversen et al, 2020;Sjöström et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2022) telenursing for diabetes can improve blood sugar control (Goh et al, 2021), induce behavioural changes, reduce hospitalization and prevent complications, thereby improving at-home diabetic self-management (María Gómez et al, 2022).The implementation of self-management behaviours requires access to disease-related social support resources, including but not limited to family, friends, medical professionals and reliable information sources (Glasgow et al, 2000). In reality, telenursing is the telematics-based remote implementation of in-person care services (Al-Badri et al, 2022), which by its very nature still depends on actual nursing resources (Anderson et al, 2022). However, the distribution of high-quality medical and health resources is unbalanced between urban and rural areas, and between eastern and western China (Wan et al, 2021;Yuan et al, 2023).…”