The association between risk factors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Canada: A cross-sectional study using the 2014 canadian community health survey

Osman, Selma; Ziegler, Chelsea; Gibson, Randie; Mahmood, Razi; Moraros, John

doi:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_330_17

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our study found that a history of asthma or childhood hospitalization for respiratory illnesses is just as important as smoking in the development of spirometrically confirmed COPD. While long-term cigarette smoking behaviour is the most important and well-studied cause of COPD in the Western World, [27][28][29] COPD can occur in never-smokers which suggests the importance of other risk factors in determining an individual's susceptibility to COPD. 2,30 In never-smokers, occupational exposures including organic and inorganic dusts, chemical agents, and fumes are related to the development of COPD.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the Heterogeneity of Risk Factors in the Canadian Population: Results from the Canadian Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) Study

Leung¹,

Bourbeau²,

Sin³

et al. 2021

COPD

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Purpose To determine the spirometric-based prevalence of COPD across different regions in Canada and to evaluate the site heterogeneity of risk factors. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional, population-based study, random samples of non-institutionalized adults aged ≥40 years were generated by random digit dialling. Participants answered an interviewer-administered questionnaire and performed spirometry before and after bronchodilator administration. COPD was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV 1 /FVC <0.70 (fixed ratio, FR) and as FEV 1 /FVC <5th percentile (lower limits of normal, LLN). Separate logistic regression models were used to compute the risk (adjusted odds ratio, aOR) for COPD. I 2 and Tau 2 analyses were used to evaluate heterogeneity. Results Out of 5176 (95%) participants, 4893 (47% male with mean age 56.6 years (95% confidence interval, 56.0–57.2)) had spirometry that satisfied ATS criteria. The population prevalence of COPD was 16.2% (95% CI, 14.5–17.8) by FR and 11.2% (95% CI, 9.7–12.6) by LLN. Male predominance in prevalence was shown by FR but not by LLN criteria. Patient characteristics associated with an increased risk of COPD included: age (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.33–1.84); history of physician-diagnosed asthma (OR 3.30; 95% CI 2.42–4.49); and childhood hospitalization for respiratory illness (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.17–2.80). In terms of smoking-related risk factors, current smoking status had the highest odds ratio (OR 3.49; 95% CI 2.55–4.80). Variance in prevalence among sites was significantly reduced by adjusting for risk factors in Tau 2 analyses. Higher odds of exposure for each risk factor was found in more severe COPD, suggesting that a higher risk could be linked to the development of severe disease. Conclusion This study reports the population prevalence of COPD in nine urban cities which collectively represent the majority of the Canadian population and demonstrates that heterogeneity in prevalence among sites is substantially explained by variation in associated risk factors for COPD.

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confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the Heterogeneity of Risk Factors in the Canadian Population: Results from the Canadian Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) Study

Leung¹,

Bourbeau²,

Sin³

et al. 2021

COPD

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“…The scale in total ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating a poor perception of diseaserelated health status [2]. Additionally, the scores were also classified into four categories: low (0-10), medium (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), high (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), and very high (31-40) [13].…”

Section: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of health status and its correlation with lung function in patients with COPD: a study from a tertiary care centre in north India

Gupta

Garg

Chopra

et al. 2023

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis

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The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2023 recommends a comprehensive multidimensional assessment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and stresses the need for evaluation of their health status and quality of life (QOL). COPD assessment test (CAT), clinical COPD questionnaire (CCQ) and St. George Respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) are recommended by GOLD for such assessments. However, their correlation with spirometry in the Indian population is not known. Other similar questionnaires like COPD and sleep impact scale (CASIS), functional performance inventory-short form (FPI-SF) and COPD and asthma fatigue scale (CAFS) though used internationally as a research tool, are still in the offspring stage and have never been used in India. A cross-sectional study was hence conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India on 100 COPD patients. Patients were assessed for health status and QOL by CAT, CCQ, SGRQ, CASIS, FPI-SF and CAFS. The relationship between these questionnaires and airflow limitation was investigated. The majority of the patients were males (n=97) and >50 years of age (n=83), illiterate (n=72), had moderate/severe COPD and belonged to group B (n=66). The mean value of forced expiratory volume in one second (%FeV1) decreased with a deterioration in CAT and CCQ score grouping (p<0.001). Patients with poorer CAT and CCQ scores belonged to higher GOLD grades (kappa=0.33, p<0.001). The correlation of health-related quality of life (HRQL) questionnaires amongst each other, with FEV1 predicted and with GOLD grade was strong to very strong in most of the comparisons (p<0.01 in the majority). On comparison of GOLD grade with mean scores of HRQL questionnaires, it was seen that with the increase in GOLD grading from 1 to 4, the mean value of CAT, CCQ, SGRQ, CASIS, FPI SF and CAFS also deteriorated (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.005, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Various easy-to-use HRQL scores should be routinely used in outpatient departments for a comprehensive assessment of COPD patients. These questionnaires, in combination with clinical features, can help in providing a rough estimate of the severity of the disease at places where lung function assessments are not readily available.

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“…The most common risk factor for COPD is smoking, with toxic chemicals, air pollution, and chronic bronchitis being the other causes contributing to damage to the airways and lung parenchyma by chronic inflammation ( Singh et al, 2019 ). In addition, older age, being underweight or obese, and low economic and social status are considered to be relevant risk factors ( Osman et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Medicine Compared to Placebo for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kwon

Lee

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease characterized by irreversible airflow limitation. Many COPD patients use complementary and alternative modalities, including herbal medicines (HMs). This systematic review investigated the effectiveness and safety of HM in managing COPD symptoms compared to placebo. Nine electronic databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to February 12, 2021. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological qualities of the included studies. Primary outcomes were lung function parameters and exercise capacity. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect size for homogeneous outcomes. Fourteen studies were included. There was low to very low quality evidence that HM significantly improved forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (L), FEV1 (%) and 6-minute walk distance, as well as moderate quality evidence that HM significantly improved forced vital capacity (FVC) (L) compared to placebo. However, according to low quality evidence, there was no significant difference in FEV1/FVC (%) or vital capacity (L) between the groups. Low to moderate evidence suggests that HM has the potential to help improve some respiratory functions, COPD symptoms, and some aspects of quality of life in COPD patients compared to placebo. However, these findings are challenged by the poor methodological quality of the included studies, the heterogeneity of HMs used, and potential publication bias. Therefore, the findings could be significantly influenced by further larger, more rigorous RCTs on this topic. Moreover, it may also be recommended to develop standardized HMs focused on some individual herbs that are frequently used or expected to play an important role in patients with COPD, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

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The association between risk factors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Canada: A cross-sectional study using the 2014 canadian community health survey

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

The Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the Heterogeneity of Risk Factors in the Canadian Population: Results from the Canadian Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) Study

The Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the Heterogeneity of Risk Factors in the Canadian Population: Results from the Canadian Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) Study

Assessment of health status and its correlation with lung function in patients with COPD: a study from a tertiary care centre in north India

Herbal Medicine Compared to Placebo for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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