The association between sleep spindles and IQ in healthy school-age children

Gruber, Reut; Wise, Merrill S.; Frenette, Sonia; Knäauper, Bärbel; Boom, Alice; Fontil, Laura; Carrier, Julie

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.03.018

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The latter finding is supported by the neural efficiency theory (Haier et al, 1988), which suggests that "children with higher cognitive efficiency, reflected by higher scores of cognitive measures, may also display higher nighttime efficiency (i.e., more efficient neuronal recovery) reflected by shorter sleep duration" (Geiger et al, 2010, p.953). Developmental stage (i.e., children, adolescents and adults) may be implicated in these apparently contradictory results regarding the relationship between sleep duration and cognition (Gruber et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social jetlag, academic achievement and cognitive performance: Understanding gender/sex differences

Díaz‐Morales¹,

Escribano²

2015

Chronobiology International

176

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Adolescents in high school suffer from circadian misalignment, undersleeping on weekdays and oversleeping on weekends. Since high schools usually impose early schedules, adolescents suffer from permanent social jetlag and thus are a suitable population to study the effects of social jetlag on both academic and cognitive performance. In this study, 796 adolescents aged 12 to 16 reported information about their sleep habits, morningness-eveningness, cognitive abilities and grade point average.Time in bed on both weekdays and weekends were not related to cognitive abilities, and only time in bed on weekdays was related to academic achievement. Social jetlag was negatively related to academic achievement, cognitive abilities (except for vocabulary and verbal fluency abilities) and general cognitive ability (g), whereas morningnesseveningness was slightly positively related to academic achievement and marginally negatively related to inductive reasoning. Results separated by sex/gender indicated that social jetlag may be more detrimental to girls' performance, as it was negatively related to a greater number of cognitive abilities and grade point average.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social jetlag, academic achievement and cognitive performance: Understanding gender/sex differences

Díaz‐Morales¹,

Escribano²

2015

Chronobiology International

176

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“…Our findings therefore suggest that dominant physiological frequencies of the characteristic sleep events may reflect trait-like markers of maturity within neuronal networks involved in cognition, including that associated with offline motor skill enhancement. It appears timely to consider large-scale multivariate follow-up studies to disentangle individual traits from developmental aspects, as well as common vs. differential involvement of spindle characteristics in motor skills, explicit memory and intellectual abilities (Geiger et al, 2011, 2012; Chatburn et al, 2013; Gruber et al, 2013; Hoedlmoser et al, 2014). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep spindle and slow wave frequency reflect motor skill performance in primary school-age children

Astill

Piantoni

Raymann

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Background and Aim: The role of sleep in the enhancement of motor skills has been studied extensively in adults. We aimed to determine involvement of sleep and characteristics of spindles and slow waves in a motor skill in children.Hypothesis: We hypothesized sleep-dependence of skill enhancement and an association of interindividual differences in skill and sleep characteristics.Methods: 30 children (19 females, 10.7 ± 0.8 years of age; mean ± SD) performed finger sequence tapping tasks in a repeated-measures design spanning 4 days including 1 polysomnography (PSG) night. Initial and delayed performance were assessed over 12 h of wake; 12 h with sleep; and 24 h with wake and sleep. For the 12 h with sleep, children were assigned to one of three conditions: modulation of slow waves and spindles was attempted using acoustic perturbation, and compared to yoked and no-sound control conditions.Analyses: Mixed effect regression models evaluated the association of sleep, its macrostructure and spindles and slow wave parameters with initial and delayed speed and accuracy.Results and Conclusions: Children enhance their accuracy only over an interval with sleep. Unlike previously reported in adults, children enhance their speed independent of sleep, a capacity that may to be lost in adulthood. Individual differences in the dominant frequency of spindles and slow waves were predictive for performance: children performed better if they had less slow spindles, more fast spindles and faster slow waves. On the other hand, overnight enhancement of accuracy was most pronounced in children with more slow spindles and slower slow waves, i.e., the ones with an initial lower performance. Associations of spindle and slow wave characteristics with initial performance may confound interpretation of their involvement in overnight enhancement. Slower frequencies of characteristic sleep events may mark slower learning and immaturity of networks involved in motor skills.

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“…It was found that longer habitual sleep duration in healthy schoolaged participants was associated with better performance on measures of perceptual reasoning and overall IQ. In another study [14], it was found that lower sleep spindle frequency was associated with better performance on the perceptual reasoning and working memory WISC-IV scales, but that sleep spindle amplitude, duration and density were not associated with performance on the IQ test. These findings contribute to understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between longer sleep duration and better performance on certain subscales of IQ tests.…”

Section: The Association Between Sleep and Neurobehavioral Functioninmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, the association between ADHD and sleep disturbance remains poorly understood. The ABS lab conducted a series of studies [12][13][14][15] in order to characterize the sleep of children with ADHD, to identify causes of sleep differences in children with ADHD, and to measure their impact on the daytime functioning of children with ADHD. The lab seeks to use this knowledge to develop strategies to prevent or treat daytime problems caused or exacerbated by sleep deficiencies.…”

Section: Theme 1 -Sleep and Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sleep restriction on neurobehavioural functioning in normally developing children and adolescents: Insights from the attention behaviour and sleep laboratory

Cassoff

Bhatti

Gruber

2014

Pathologie Biologie

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The association between sleep spindles and IQ in healthy school-age children

Cited by 60 publications

References 110 publications

Social jetlag, academic achievement and cognitive performance: Understanding gender/sex differences

Social jetlag, academic achievement and cognitive performance: Understanding gender/sex differences

Sleep spindle and slow wave frequency reflect motor skill performance in primary school-age children

The effect of sleep restriction on neurobehavioural functioning in normally developing children and adolescents: Insights from the attention behaviour and sleep laboratory

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