The association between stage‐grade of periodontitis and sleep quality and oral health‒related quality of life

Abstract

Background Inadequate sleep increases inflammatory and proinflammatory markers among many other influences. Due to its potential to influence inflammation and oxidative stress, which are the main pathogenetic mechanisms actually recognized in the periodontal damage, poor sleep quality could be a factor for periodontitis and quality of life (QoL). In this context, the aim of this study is to investigate the association of stage‐grade of periodontitis with sleep quality. and the effect of periodontitis on QoL. Methods The study consisted of clinical examination and a questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on demographic information, Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Patients were diagnosed according to the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions. Clinical examination included probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (AL). Results The mean age of 99 participants was 30.27 ± 5.80 years ranging from 18 to 40‐years. The mean clinical values of the patients in this study included AL, 4.03 ± 2.46 mm, and PD, 4.27 ± 1.55 mm. The mean of the global OHIP‐14 score was 13.43 ± 6.23 and the mean PSQI global score was 6.57 ± 3.53. Conclusions Stage‐grade of periodontitis was associated with short sleep duration, low‐sleep quality, and low oral health‒related quality of life.

Is inadequate sleep a potential risk factor for periodontitis?

“…prevalence of periodontitis. These results are consistent with recent findings in a Turkish population in which sleep duration was found to be associated with the stage and grade of periodontitis [22]. It also supports the findings of a study that used the Taiwan National Health Insurance database and found a 36% increase in the probability of developing periodontitis among the study sample [25].…”

“…A few recent studies had investigated the association between sleep duration and periodontitis with conflicting results, reporting negative, positive and no associations between sleep duration and periodontitis [21][22][23][24][25]. These studies had major shortcomings in the classification of the exposure and/or the outcome.…”

Periodontal disease, sleep duration, and white blood cell markers in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

“…This study found no association between sleep behaviors and periodontal disease, consistent with a previously conducted study by Wiener et al, 23 although other studies did observe an association between these two risk factors for chronic disease. 24,26,45,46 A recently conducted clinical study correlated periodontitis with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a sleep disorder linked to cardiovascular disease through chronic intermittent hypoxia associated with sympathetic activation, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic dysregulation. 24 Previously conducted cross-sectional, casecontrol, prospective cohort studies as well as randomized controlled trials provided evidence for a positive association between sleep behaviors and inflammatory mediators such as CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-, and von Willebrand factor antigen.…”

Late bedtime and dental caries incidence in Kuwaiti children: A longitudinal multilevel analysis

“…Poor and inadequate sleep is a risk factor that negatively impacts health outcomes and contributes to the development of inflammatory conditions such as obesity, diabetes, gingival inflammation and periodontal disease …”