The association between the PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism and nephropathy susceptibility in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis based on 9,176 subjects

Abstract

BackgroundThe polymorphism Pro12Ala in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor­γ2 gene (PPARγ2) has been reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in some studies, though the results remain inconclusive. To explore this relationship between PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism and the susceptibility for DN, a cumulative meta-analysis was performed in this study.MethodPubMed, Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases have been systematically searched to identify relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results18 studies were included in this meta-analysis, involving 3,361 cases and 5,815 controls. The PPARγ2 Ala12 allele was significantly associated with decreased risk of DN based on dominant model (OR=0.778; 95%CI=0.618–0.981; Pheterogeneity=0.008; P=0.034). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significantly decreased risks were found among Caucasians for dominant model (OR=0.674; 95%CI=0.500–0.909; Pheterogeneity=0.079; P=0.010), while there was no significant association was found in Asians.ConclusionsThe results from the present meta-analysis indicated that the Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARγ2 gene is not a risk factor for DN in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.Virtual slidesThe virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/7491348341027320.

Association of genetic variants with diabetic nephropathy

“…This study was confirmed by Pollex et al [65] who showed that the Ala12 allele carriers have 1.5-fold reduction of the albumin/ creatinine ratio and thus reduced occurrence of microalbuminuria. A recent meta-analysis showed that Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARγ2 gene is not a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes [66] .…”

The Impact of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma and Its Interaction with Abdominal Obesity on Diabetic Nephropathy in Chinese Han

“…Bhaskar et al [6] indicated that rs1805192 of PPARG was not associated with DN risk. Wang et al [7] also suggested that the rs1805192 polymorphism in PPARG gene is not a risk factor for DN in T2DM patients, but further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this conclusion. The meta-analysis by Zhang et al…”

“…We also found a significant interaction between rs1805192 and abdominal obesity, and obese subjects with G allele have the highest DN risk than subjects with CC genotype and normal WC. Several studies have focused on the association between PPARG polymorphism and DN; however, the results obtained from these studies were inconsistent [5][6][7] , and in these studies, rs1805192 of PPARG have been mostly studied. Bhaskar et al [6] indicated that rs1805192 of PPARG was not associated with DN risk.…”

“…PPARG is mainly expressed in adipose tissue and also found in pancreatic beta cells, vascular endothelium, and macrophages [3,4] . Several studies have focused on the association between PPARG polymorphism and DN; however, the results of these studies were inconsistent [5][6][7] , and rs1805192 of PPARG was mostly studied. Animal study [5] suggested that PPARG agonist treatment not only improved insulin resistance, glycemic control, and lipid profile but also markedly attenuated albuminuria and renal glomerular fibrosis in db/db mice.…”

Results of Conservative Treatment of First Time Acute Lateral Patella Dislocation

“…Conservative treatment is mostly begun with brace or plaster cast and completed with exercises, particularly for strengthening the quadriceps muscle (10,11). The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical results of conservative treatment in patients having lateral patellar dislocation for the first time.…”