The Association of Anti-Inflammatory Diet Ingredients and Lifestyle Exercise with Inflammaging

Abstract

One of the latest theories on ageing focuses on immune response, and considers the activation of subclinical and chronic inflammation. The study was designed to explain whether anti-inflammatory diet and lifestyle exercise affect an inflammatory profile in the Polish elderly population. Sixty individuals (80.2 ± 7.9 years) were allocated to a low-grade inflammation (LGI n = 33) or high-grade inflammation (HGI n = 27) group, based on C-reactive protein concentration (<3 or ≥3 mg/L) as a conventional marker of systemic inflammation. Diet analysis focused on vitamins D, C, E, A, β-carotene, n-3 and n-6 PUFA using single 24-h dietary recall. LGI demonstrated a lower n-6/n-3 PUFA but higher vitamin D intake than HGI. Physical performance based on 6-min walk test (6MWT) classified the elderly as physically inactive, whereby LGI demonstrated a significantly higher gait speed (1.09 ± 0.26 m/s) than HGI (0.72 ± 0.28 m/s). Circulating interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13, TNFα and cfDNA demonstrated high concentrations in the elderly with low 6MWT, confirming an impairment of physical performance by persistent systemic inflammation. These findings reveal that increased intake of anti-inflammatory diet ingredients and physical activity sustained throughout life attenuate progression of inflammaging in the elderly and indicate potential therapeutic strategies to counteract pathophysiological effects of ageing.

Piezo1 Channels as Force Sensors in Mechanical Force-Related Chronic Inflammation

“…Piezo1 channel provides solid theoretical support for these clinical prevention measures. This also reminds us that for chronic inflammation caused by mechanical damage, a good lifestyle is better than all treatments after inflammation ( 138 , 139 ). However, most chronic tissue inflammation has an insidious onset, and damaging mechanical signals are usually long-standing before clinical symptoms.…”

Dipeptide Extract Modulates the Oxi-Antioxidant Response to Intense Physical Exercise

“…Most clinical trials and observational studies have used CRP as a biochemical marker of systemic inflammation that is produced following stimulation by various cytokines that can be the drivers of an acute response to trauma, infection, ischemia and other inflammatory conditions such as physical activity. CRP also upregulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibits the release of NO, which could disrupt tissue regeneration [50]. Nonetheless, our study is the first to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory properties of chicken breast extract.…”

Immunosenescence in Aging-Related Vascular Dysfunction

“…High levels of IL-1β, together with IL-6 and TNFα, are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in older adults. In particular, cohort studies have indicated that IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα are involved in the alteration of nutritional status, poor physical performance, loss of muscle strength, cognitive decline, and cardiological, neurological, and vascular events [ 30 , 31 ]. In our study, IL-1β and TNFα have reached particularly high concentrations (14-fold increase) and specificity approx.…”

“…The low AUC 0.555 (sensitivity 63.6% and specificity 19.4%) for IL-6 underlines the low diagnostic utility of this cytokine in our study. TNFα was also detected at elevated levels in most studies of older adult populations and was associated with frailty and reduced functional capacity, as well as increased CVD mortality [ 21 , 31 , 34 , 35 ]. TNFα plays a pivotal role in endothelial dysfunction through the disturbance it causes to the equilibrium between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities, which results in pro-apoptotic NO activity [ 36 , 37 ].…”