The association of employment status with ideal cardiovascular health factors and behaviors among Hispanic/Latino adults: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Estrella, Mayra L.; Rosenberg, Natalya; Durazo‐Arvizu, Ramón; González, Hector M.; Loop, Matthew Shane; Singer, Richard H.; Lash, James P.; Castañeda, Sheila F.; Perreira, Krista M.; Eldeirawi, Kamal; Daviglus, Martha L.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207652

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A potential explanation may be lower education means a lack of risk perception and an adverse influence on self‐seeking behavior or access to healthcare. Similar to our study, Hispanic/Latino females who were homemakers or unemployed had lower rates of ideal cardiovascular health metrics (including blood pressure) 20 . Tipirneni et al 21 found that the percent of HTN among employed and out of work were 24.9% and 37.6%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Social determinants status and hypertension: A Nationwide Cross‐sectional Study in China

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2020

J of Clinical Hypertension

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To explore the association between unbalanced social determinants status and hypertension (HTN) in China, we conducted a cross‐sectional survey in a sample of 299 220 Chinese in 2012 to 2015. Social determinants status were measured with: (a) district‐level:Per capita GDP (Per_GDP), the number of hospital beds per 1000 residents (Per 1000_bed) and tertiary industry added value (TIAV); (b) individual‐level: education and employment conditions. Compared with the poorest level of Per_GDP, the middle and richest group had higher risk of HTN [OR, 95%CI: 1.12 (1.09‐1.14) and 0.99 (0.96‐1.02)] and higher possibility of HTN awareness, treatment, and control. Higher risk of HTN and lower possibility of awareness, treatment, and control were associated with elevated Per 1000_bed in rural area. Higher possibility of HTN control was associated with the higher TIAV (Ptrend < .001). Those with middle (OR, 95%CI: 0.86, 0.84‐0.88) and senior (OR, 95%CI: 0.72, 0.69‐0.76) education had a decreased risk of HTN and higher HTN control possibility compared to primary. And participants in retirement/unemployment conditions had a higher risk of HTN and higher possibility of HTN awareness, treatment, and control compared with the job‐holders. This study provides evidence from China that social determinants status has a detectable association with HTN. People with a higher economic area living, lower level of education, or retirement/ unemployment conditions has a higher risk of HTN, especially for male or rural residents. And lower possibility of HTN awareness, treatment, and control were associated with worse economic development and social circumstances environment, lower education level, and employment/student conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Social determinants status and hypertension: A Nationwide Cross‐sectional Study in China

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2020

J of Clinical Hypertension

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“…In women, some gender-related characteristics within the domain of gender roles were associated with CVD incidence, independently of conventional risk factors. For instance, we observed that homemakers had a 2.3 times increased risk of CVD compared with full-time workers, which is in line with previous studies on employment-related factors 21–23. Homemakers are pre-eminently the main caregivers within the household and have the main responsibility for household chores.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prospective analysis of gender-related characteristics in relation to cardiovascular disease

Bolijn

Kunst

Appelman

et al. 2022

Heart

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ObjectiveDifferences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence between men and women have been widely reported. Next to sex-related (biological) characteristics, gender-related (sociocultural) characteristics may partly explain how these differences arise. In this exploratory study, we examined the associations between selected gender-related characteristics and CVD incidence.MethodsWe linked baseline data of 18 058 participants without CVD from the population-based, multiethnic HEalthy LIfe in an Urban Setting study (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) to CVD incidence data, based on hospital admission and death records from Statistics Netherlands in 2013–2018. Using Cox regression analyses, we studied associations of time spent on household work, doing home repairs, primary earner status, type of employment, working in a male-dominated or female-dominated occupation and desire for emotional support with CVD incidence, stratified by sex. Analyses were adjusted for age, ethnicity and socioeconomic status.ResultsIn men, gender-related characteristics were not associated with higher CVD incidence. In women, homemakers had a higher hazard for CVD compared with full-time workers (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.35 to 4.04), whereas those spending a moderate amount of time on household work had a lower hazard for CVD than those spending little time (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.95).ConclusionAlthough we found no evidence for associations between gender-related characteristics and CVD incidence in men, being the homemaker and moderate time spent on household work appeared to be associated with CVD incidence in women. Thus, attention to gender-related characteristics might in future help to identify subgroups that may benefit from additional prevention strategies.

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“…The socio-demographic data were obtained through household interview, employment status was determined by answers to “Type of work done last week” and “Main reason did not work last week”, and the frequency of alcohol consumption was evaluated by alcohol use questionnaire. The socio-demographic variables were selected based on previous research on their strong relationships with CVH metrics [ 34 – 36 ], besides, employment status and alcohol consumption were controlled as covariates due to the significant associations with CVH score [ 37 , 38 ]. All confounders were treated as categorical variables with exception of age as continuous variable in the model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reallocating just 10 min to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from other components of 24-hour movement behaviors improves cardiovascular health in adults

Ji,

Atakan,

Yan

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background As components of a 24-hour day, sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), and sleep are all independently linked to cardiovascular health (CVH). However, insufficient understanding of components’ mutual exclusion limits the exploration of the associations between all movement behaviors and health outcomes. The aim of this study was to employ compositional data analysis (CoDA) approach to investigate the associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and overall CVH. Methods Data from 581 participants, including 230 women, were collected from the 2005–2006 wave of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This dataset included information on the duration of SB and PA, derived from ActiGraph accelerometers, as well as self-reported sleep duration. The assessment of CVH was conducted in accordance with the criteria outlined in Life’s Simple 7, encompassing the evaluation of both health behaviors and health factors. Compositional linear regression was utilized to examine the cross-sectional associations of 24-hour movement behaviors and each component with CVH score. Furthermore, the study predicted the potential differences in CVH score that would occur by reallocating 10 to 60 min among different movement behaviors. Results A significant association was observed between 24-hour movement behaviors and overall CVH (p < 0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders. Substituting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for other components was strongly associated with favorable differences in CVH score (p < 0.05), whether in one-for-one reallocations or one-for-remaining reallocations. Allocating time away from MVPA consistently resulted in larger negative differences in CVH score (p < 0.05). For instance, replacing 10 min of light physical activity (LPA) with MVPA was related to an increase of 0.21 in CVH score (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.11 to 0.31). Conversely, when the same duration of MVPA was replaced with LPA, CVH score decreased by 0.67 (95% CI -0.99 to -0.35). No such significance was discovered for all duration reallocations involving only LPA, SB, and sleep (p > 0.05). Conclusions MVPA seems to be as a pivotal determinant for enhancing CVH among general adult population, relative to other movement behaviors. Consequently, optimization of MVPA duration is an essential element in promoting overall health and well-being.

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The association of employment status with ideal cardiovascular health factors and behaviors among Hispanic/Latino adults: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Social determinants status and hypertension: A Nationwide Cross‐sectional Study in China

Social determinants status and hypertension: A Nationwide Cross‐sectional Study in China

Prospective analysis of gender-related characteristics in relation to cardiovascular disease

Reallocating just 10 min to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from other components of 24-hour movement behaviors improves cardiovascular health in adults

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