The association of exposure to air pollution and depression in women; a cross-sectional study of a middle-income country

Khosrorad, Razieh; Aval, Hamideh Ebrahimi; Najafi, Moslem Lari; Rezai, Hossein; Dovlatabadi, Afshin; Estiri, Elahe Hassanneajd; Hesari, Mohammad Hosseinzadeh; Behmanesh, Maryam; Miri, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.114266

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A significant limitation of existing research on air pollution and depression is that much of it is based on data from industrialized, high-income countries, with few studies from low-and middle-countries [9]. In the current dataset, there was a significant negative correlation between national income and PM2.5 levels (r = -.52, p < .001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…• Across research studies, PM2.5 has been one of the pollutants most consistently associated with the risk of depression [7,9,11,12,25] • There are biologically plausible mechanisms, identified through translational and clinical research, linking PM2.5 exposure with depression [15,18,20] • Reliable and recent cross-national data on levels of PM2.5 are available from a reliable source [30]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these environmental factors, air pollution has been associated with depression most frequently and consistently. Air pollution, particularly exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), has been associated with depression in youth [7], adults in the general population [8,9], women in the post-partum period [10,11] and the elderly [12]. Exposure to these forms of air pollution has also been associated with worse outcomes in patients with depression, such as suicide [13] and increased use of mental health services [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

Rajkumar¹

2022

Preprint

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Several studies have identified a relationship between air pollution and depression, particularly in relation to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure. However, the strength of this association appears to be moderated by variables such as age, gender, genetic vulnerability, physical activity and climatic conditions, and has not been assessed at a cross-national level to date. The current study examines the association between the prevalence of depression in each country, based on the most recent Global Burden of Disease Study data, and the average national level of PM2.5 based on the World Health Organization’s database. The observed associations were adjusted for age, gender, level of physical activity, income, education, population density, climate, and type of depression. It was observed that there was a modest but significant positive correlation between PM2.5 level and the prevalence of depression even after adjusting for the above confounders. This association was more marked above a certain threshold and applied chiefly to major depressive episodes. These findings are of significant public health importance in terms of preventive strategies aimed at reducing the population-level burden of depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

Rajkumar¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Among these environmental factors, air pollution has been associated with depression most frequently and consistently. Air pollution, particularly exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ), has been associated with depression in youth [7], adults in the general population [8,9], women in the post-partum period [10,11], and the elderly [12]. Exposure to these forms of air pollution has also been associated with worse outcomes in patients with depression, such as suicide [13] and acute episodes or exacerbations of depression requiring contact with emergency health services [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Across research studies, PM 2.5 has been one of the pollutants most consistently associated with the risk of depression [7,9,11,12,25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

Rajkumar

2023

Atmosphere

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Several studies have identified a relationship between air pollution and depression, particularly in relation to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure. However, the strength of this association appears to be moderated by variables such as age, gender, genetic vulnerability, physical activity, and climatic conditions, and has not been assessed at a cross-national level to date. Moreover, certain studies in this field have yielded negative results, and there are discrepancies between the results obtained in high-income countries and those from low- and middle-income countries. The current study examines cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the incidence of depression in each country, based on Global Burden of Disease Study data, and the average national level of PM2.5 based on the World Health Organization’s database, over the past decade (2010–2019). The observed associations were adjusted for age, gender, level of physical activity, income, education, population density, climate, and type of depression. It was observed that while PM2.5 levels showed significant cross-sectional associations with the incidence of depression, longitudinal analyses were not suggestive of a direct causal relationship. These findings are discussed in the light of recent contradictory results in this field, and the need to consider the intermediate roles of a number of individual and environmental factors.

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Association between urbanization and metabolic syndrome in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nsabimana,

Sombié,

Pauwels

et al. 2024

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

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The association of exposure to air pollution and depression in women; a cross-sectional study of a middle-income country

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

Association between urbanization and metabolic syndrome in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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