The association of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain antibodies at delivery with infant SARS-CoV-2 infection under the age of 6 months: a prospective cohort study

Impact of Antenatal SARS-CoV-2 Exposure on SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Potency

“…(Figure 3) Similarly, higher levels of neonatal anti-S antibodies were found among those who received maternal vaccination after 31 weeks of pregnancy in the previous literature, although without comparison across three trimesters. [10] Our results are consistent with previous experience with the combined tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (TDP) vaccine. Immunization with the tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis vaccine 8-12 weeks before delivery blood as compared to the non-infected mothers (Figure A2 and Table S3).…”

“…Our study revealed that neonates born to mothers who received a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine during the third trimester, especially those without prior COVID-19 infection, had the highest levels of cord serum anti-S concentration (Figure 2) and the most effective protection against both the Wuhan and Omicron strains by group comparisons (Figure 3). Similarly, higher levels of neonatal anti-S antibodies were found among those who received maternal vaccination after 31 weeks of pregnancy in the previous literature, although without comparison across three trimesters [10]. Our results are consistent with previous experience with the combined tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (TDP) vaccine.…”

“…The safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy has been supported by contemporary evidence [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Since no COVID-19 vaccine was available for neonates, pregnant individuals were encouraged to receive the COVID-19 vaccines due to the increased risk of adverse maternal outcomes in antepartum COVID-19 [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], and the evidence that it could provide neonatal protection for up to 6 months after birth [ 10 ]. The transplacental transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, specifically against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike protein (anti-S) and nucleocapsid antigen (anti-N), has been observed in previous studies of infected pregnant women or those vaccinated against COVID-19 [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

“…Various maternal vaccination strategies have been proposed to maximize neonatal protection [ 15 , 16 ]. Some studies suggest starting the primary series in the early third trimester (27–31 weeks) [ 17 ], while others suggest a final dose of the primary series after 31 weeks [ 10 ]. Additionally, three doses during pregnancy, including a third-trimester booster, are recommended [ 18 ].…”