The association of obesity and obesity‐related conditions with carotid extra‐medial thickness in children and adolescents

Abstract

We have found that carotid EMT is associated with cIMT, obesity and insulin resistance and the assessment of carotid EMT may provide additional information concerning early vascular disease.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Is Associated with Increased Androgens in Adolescents and Young Adults with Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

“…Our findings that CIMT did not correlate with lipid levels (with the exception of HDL) are similar to a previous investigation in classical CAH patients [14], although the results of both studies are in contrast to associations noted between CIMT, triglycerides, and triglyceride-to-HDL ratio in a cohort that included both classical and non-classical CAH patients [13]. However, our finding that HDL was inversely correlated with CIMT in both the CAH and control groups is consistent with normative CIMT studies in adolescents with and without obesity [35], and reports that suggest a protective effect of HDL on CVD risk [36,37]. It is well known that HDL promotes reverse cholesterol transport by inducing macrophages to carry cholesterol out of the artery wall [36,37,38 ] and thereby may protect against the development of atherosclerotic changes in the carotid intima media.…”

Left ventricular remodelling and vascular adaptive changes in adolescents with obesity

“…There may have been a referral bias; the patients were referred to the pediatric cardiology clinic. Data regarding other confounders such as the pubertal status of the subjects, insulin resistance and asthma control and predictors such as aortic size and distensibility or carotid externa or intima thickness were not collected in the study protocol and therefore, unavailable for inclusion in the analysis . There is a mix of subjects with and without obesity and with and without hypertension.…”

Relationship of circulating spexin with markers of cardiovascular disease: a pilot study in adolescents with obesity

“…(12,(21)(22)(23)(24) Various biomarkers and risk factors of CVD including elevated hs-CRP are evident in children and adolescents. (9,12,15,16,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) Additionally, puberty in children and adolescents is associated with worsening of CVD risk factors including insulin resistance and carotid intima media thickness. (12,(24)(25)(26) The composite factor shared by spexin and leptin can serve as a potential marker to stratify CVD risk in adolescents with obesity needs to be investigated in future studies with larger sample size.…”