This article discusses the self-in-relation theory as it applies to chemically dependent women. The theory provides an alternative way of understanding and viewing chemically dependent women. The self-in-relation model (or theory) states that relationships are extremely important in women's psychological development and functioning and that women's connection with others is fundamental to self-concept. Women for Sobriety, a mutual help group for chemically dependent women, offers an alternative way of supporting women in trying to achieve recovery, and this is also discussed in a relational context. lthough the "invisible" nature of female addiction began to diminish during the 1980s (Irwin & Stoner, 1991;Vannicelli, 1984b), alarge discrep-A ancy still exists regarding the attention given to male and female addicts (Irwin & Stoner, 1991;Vannicelli, 1984aVannicelli, . 1984b. Empirical support regarding the etiology, prevention, and treatment relating specifically to women is insufficient plume, 1994; Kelly, Kropp, & Manhal-Baugus, 1995; Kropp, Manhal-Baugus, & Kelly, 1996;Vannicelli, 1984aVannicelli, , 1984b. There is a relationship between chemical dependency and women's role in society. Hence, different theories to explain and alternative strategies to treat chemically dependent women are needed. The role of personal and relational factors must be acknowledged in the explanation of chemical dependency in women, and effective treatment must take a broad and gender-related perspective.To illustrate the need for new models and treatment options for chemically dependent women, the special issues faced by chemically dependent women are discussed in the first section. Next, the self-in-relation theory, a model of psychological development for women that provides an alternative way of understanding and viewing chemically dependent women, is discussed. Finally, Women for Sobriety, a mutual help group that offers an alternative way of supporting women in trying to achieve recovery, is the last topic of this article.