The Association of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma With Mortality

Akbari, Mona; Akbari, Sara; Pasquale, Louis R.

doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2008.571

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A meta-analysis supported an association with cardiovascular mortality but not for all causes of mortality 10. In the present study, it was not possible to collect reliable information on the cause of death and we were unable to explore this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Glaucoma-associated long-term mortality in a rural cohort from India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study

et al. 2018

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AimTo evaluate glaucoma-associated mortality in a rural cohort in India.MethodsThe study cohort comprised individuals aged 40 years and above who took part in the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS1) during 1996–2000. All participants underwent detailed comprehensive eye examination. Glaucoma was defined using International Society of Geographic and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology criteria. This cohort was followed up after a decade (June 2009 to January 2010; APEDS2). Mortality HR analysis for ocular risk factors was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical variables.ResultsIn APEDS1, 2790 individuals aged more than or equal to 40 years were examined. 47.4% were male. Forty-five participants had primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 66 had primary angle closure disease (PACD). Ten years later, 1879 (67.3%) were available, 739 (26.5%) had died and 172 (6.2%) had migrated; whereas 22 of the 45 (48.8%) with POAG and 22 of the 66 (33.3%) with PACD had died. In univariate analysis, a higher mortality was associated with POAG (HR 1.9; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.94), pseudoexfoliation (HR 2.79; 95% CI 2.0 to 3.89), myopia (HR 1.78; 95% CI 1.54 to 2.06) and unit increase in cup:disc ratio (HR 4.49; 95% CI 2.64 to 7.64). In multivariable analysis, only cup:disc ratio remained independently associated with mortality (HR 2.5; 95% CI 1.3 to 5.1). The association remained significant when other ocular parameters were included in the model (HR 2.1; 95% CI 1.03 to 4.2).ConclusionsThis is the first longitudinal study to assess the association of glaucoma and mortality in a rural longitudinal cohort in India. Increased cup:disc ratio could be a potential marker for ageing and would need further validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Glaucoma-associated long-term mortality in a rural cohort from India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study

et al. 2018

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“…32 However, a recent meta-analysis of 9 cohort studies did not demonstrate an association between POAG and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. 33 Because all personal identifiers in the data set (National Health Insurance Research Database) were encrypted before release to the researchers, we could not link the National Health Insurance Research Database and the Cause of Death file. Thus, we could not examine the association between the timolol use in patients with OAG and cardiovascular mortality.…”

Section: Ho Et Al Open-angle Glaucoma and Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Open-Angle Glaucoma and the Risk of Stroke Development

Lin

2009

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Although open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is associated with some of the risk factors of stroke development, there is still no published study addressing whether OAG increases the risk of stroke development. We investigated the risk of stroke development after a diagnosis of OAG. Methods-Data were retrospectively collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which is comprised of 1 073 891 random subjects from among Taiwan's 23 million residents. The study cohort comprised all patients with a diagnosis of OAG (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification code 365.1 to 365.11) in 2001 (nϭ4032). The comparison cohort was comprised of randomly selected patients (5 for every patient with OAG, nϭ20 160) matched with the study group in terms of age, gender, geographic location, and comorbid medical disorders. Patients were tracked from their index visits for 5 years. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to compute the 5-year stroke-free survival rate after adjusting for possible confounding factors. Results-Stroke developed in 14.9% of patients with OAG and 9.5% of patients in the comparison cohort during the 5-year follow-up period. Patients with OAG had significantly lower 5-year stroke-free survival rates than patients in the comparison cohort. After adjusting for patients' demographic characteristics and selected comorbidities, patients with OAG were found to have a 1.52-fold (95% CI, 1.40 to 1.72) higher risk of having a stroke than the matched comparison cohort. Conclusions-Patients

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“…The most common cause of death in our study population was vascular disease which is consistent with the most common cause of death in the elderly in the UK. Although some groups suggest an increased risk of vascular disease in COAG,24 25 a meta-analysis of nine cohort studies failed to demonstrate a significant association between COAG and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality 26. In the UK, residual life expectancy for both genders increased by approximately 3–5 years during the period of this cohort study,27 which may also be playing a role in explaining the difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%