The associations between deployment experiences, PTSD, and alcohol use among male and female veterans

Banducci, Anne N.; McCaughey, Virginia K.; Gradus, Jaimie L.; Street, Amy E.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106032

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Problematic alcohol use was assessed by the CAGE questionnaire for all time points (cut back on drinking, annoyed at criticisms about drinking, feeling guilty about drinking, and using alcohol as an eye opener) (Ewing, 1984). This is a commonly used four‐item screening measure for alcohol‐related problems (possible range from 0 to 4 symptoms) (Banducci et al, 2019; Dragan & Hardt, 2016), with at least two affirmative responses resulting in 75% sensitivity, 96% specificity, and 82% positive predictive value (PPV) for detecting alcoholism (Bush et al, 1987). CAGE was translated into Japanese, and its reliability and validity were verified (Hiro et al, 1994; Iwata et al, 1994; Kitamura, 1991).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectory and course of problematic alcohol use after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Eight‐year follow‐up of the Higashi‐Matsushima cohort study

Morishima

Usami

Ando

et al. 2022

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Problematic alcohol use (PAU) after natural disasters is an unignorable public health issue. However, the long‐term trajectory and course of PAU after an earthquake disaster remain unknown. Methods The Higashi‐Matsushima cohort study was conducted between 2012 (time 1) and 2019 (time 8) in areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011. In the annual health checks, participants responded to self‐report questionnaires on PAU, traumatic experiences (e.g., house damage), resources (e.g., social support), and other covariates (e.g., gender, psychological distress). The trajectory and course of PAU were estimated by latent growth model and latent class analyses. Risk factors for the long‐term course of PAU were calculated by multinomial logistic regression analysis with multiple imputation. The analytical sample comprised 8929 residents who participated in at least one survey across the eight time points. Results The trajectory of PAU showed a sustained trend (slope <0.001). Three potential courses of PAU (No PAU course: 84.3%, Subthreshold PAU course: 12.4%, and Persistent PAU course: 3.4%) were estimated. The long‐term course of PAU, especially the persistent PAU course, was predicted by house damage (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.92), less social support (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.96), gender (male) (OR = 16.86, 95% CI 9.42 to 30.20), and psychological distress (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.20). Conclusions Long‐term support is needed after an earthquake disaster, especially for residents who in early phases of the disaster suffer from PAU, males, and those in vulnerable situations resulting from conditions such as severe house damage, low social support, or high psychological distress.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectory and course of problematic alcohol use after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Eight‐year follow‐up of the Higashi‐Matsushima cohort study

Morishima

Usami

Ando

et al. 2022

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…Several theories have been put forth to explain this comorbid relationship. First, problematic alcohol use and PTSD may co‐occur because they share common risk factors, such as trauma exposure, adverse childhood experiences, and common mental health problems (Banducci et al., 2019; Head et al., 2016; Nichter et al., 2019). Second, according to the risk‐taking hypothesis, alcohol use leads to a high degree of impulsivity and risk‐taking behavior, which, in turn, puts an individual at risk for experiencing a traumatic event and subsequent PTSD (Chilcoat & Breslau, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Symptom‐Level Nuances in Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Problematic Alcohol Use in Northern Irish Military Veterans: A Network Analysis

McGlinchey

Ross

Murphy

et al. 2021

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use are highly prevalent among military veteran populations. Several theories have been proposed to account for the comorbidity between PTSD and problematic alcohol use, but research examining the symptom-level associations between the two is limited. The current study used network analysis to examine the associations between PTSD and problematic alcohol use. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of veterans of the United Kingdom Armed Forces living in Northern Ireland. The sample comprised 511 (91.2% male) veterans with a history of trauma exposure and current alcohol use. A network consisting of PTSD symptoms from the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and items from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was constructed, and the bridge centrality of all items was estimated to identify items with the highest number of associations and the strongest associations between the two constructs. The PTSD symptom "reckless behavior" (2.43) had the highest bridge centrality values and thus the strongest connections and most connections to the alcohol use items. For the alcohol use items, "not being able to stop drinking" (2.31) and "number of drinks" (1.24) demonstrated the strongest bridge connections to the PTSD items. These results highlight the role of specific PTSD symptoms involved in the interaction between PTSD and problematic alcohol use.Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and problematic alcohol use are highly prevalent among military veteran populations (

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“…Some studies examining this association have suggested that combat exposure is nonsignificant after controlling for PTSD (Burnett‐Zeigler et al., 2011; Jakupcak et al., 2010); however, other studies have reported that trauma exposure contributes to alcohol and drug problems beyond the contribution of PTSD (Waldrop & Cohen, 2014) and yet other studies have not controlled for PTSD in reporting the association between combat exposure and alcohol (e.g., Wilk et al., 2010; Hooper et al., 2008). Among the results of secondary findings of a random sample of 2,344 male and female U.S. veterans (Banducci et al., 2019) was the finding that exposure to warfare was not significantly related to AUDs, as measured using the CAGE questionnaire (B. Bush et al., 1987), but was related to PTSD, as measured using the PTSD Checklist (Weathers et al., 1993). In addition, PTSD was itself was shown to be related to AUDs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the research to date has used cross‐sectional studies with self‐administered questionnaires, postal surveys, or telephone surveys rather than diagnostic interviews to assess alcohol‐related problems and psychiatric diagnoses (Burnett‐Zeigler et al., 2011; Jacobsen et al., 2008; Langdon et al., 2016; Wilk et al., 2010), which yield continuous measures of PTSD symptoms or AUDs (Banducci et al., 2019; Walton et al., 2018). There is a distinct lack of follow‐up studies, with most reports presenting findings from samples of recent returnees who are often assessed with self‐administered group surveys, giving a short‐term perspective on alcohol use and PTSD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many reports recognize that AUDs are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Banducci et al., 2019; Carter et al., 2011; Heltemes et al., 2014; Langdon et al., 2016; Possemato et al., 2017; Walton et al., 2018). The findings from a study of 8 years of consecutive new treatment‐seekers ( N = 456,502) in the U.S. Veterans Affairs (VA) network (Seal et al., 2010) demonstrated that alcohol and other drug use disorders were 3–4.5 times more likely in veterans with compared to without PTSD or depression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Military Combat, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and the Course of Alcohol Use Disorders in a Cohort of Australian Vietnam War Veterans

O’Toole

Gorman

Catts

2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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The present study examined the course of diagnosed alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in a cohort of Australian veterans of the Vietnam War (N = 388) who were assessed 22 and 36 years after returning home. Standardized interviews provided data on AUDs, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other psychiatric diagnoses, and combat exposure. Overall, 148 veterans (38.1%) had no history of alcohol-related diagnoses, 151 veterans (38.9%) had a past AUD diagnosis that was not current at the second assessment point, and 89 veterans (22.9%) had a current AUD diagnosis at the second assessment. Less education, lower intelligence test scores, and misconduct were individual risk factors for AUDs, as were first-interview diagnoses of PTSD, antisocial personality disorder, generalized anxiety, and dysthymia, but not depression; these variables were all nonsignificant after controlling for combat exposure and PTSD. Multinomial regression was used to assess the relative contributions of combat exposure and PTSD to the course of AUDs. Combat exposure and PTSD had different patterns of association with AUDs whereby combat exposure, but not PTSD, was associated with a history of AUDs, odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, but not with current AUDs, whereas PTSD, but not combat exposure, was associated with current AUDs, OR = 3.37. Current numbing and avoidance symptoms were associated with current AUDs, OR = 4.48. The results do not support a mutual maintenance model of PTSD and AUDs but are consistent with a self-medication model, which suggests treatment for PTSD may have beneficial effects on AUDs. Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are among the most prevalent disorders among combat-exposed returned veterans (Bray et al.

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The associations between deployment experiences, PTSD, and alcohol use among male and female veterans

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Trajectory and course of problematic alcohol use after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Eight‐year follow‐up of the Higashi‐Matsushima cohort study

Trajectory and course of problematic alcohol use after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Eight‐year follow‐up of the Higashi‐Matsushima cohort study

Disentangling the Symptom‐Level Nuances in Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Problematic Alcohol Use in Northern Irish Military Veterans: A Network Analysis

Military Combat, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and the Course of Alcohol Use Disorders in a Cohort of Australian Vietnam War Veterans

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