The associations of air pollution exposure during pregnancy with fetal growth and anthropometric measurements at birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fu, Li; Chen, Yi; Yang, Xinyi; Yang, Zu‐Yao; Li, Sha; Pei, Lei; Feng, Baixiang; Cao, Ganxiang; Liu, Xin; Lin, Hualiang; Li, Xing; Ye, Yufeng; Zhang, Bo; Sun, Jiufeng; Xu, Xiaojun; Liu, Tao

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05338-0

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A systematic review conducted by Pedersen et al [89] concludes that pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders are associated with PM2.5 (OR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.26–1.96 per 5 μg/m 3 increment), NO 2 (OR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.00–1.44 per 10 μg/m 3 increase), and PM10 (OR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02–1.26 per 10 μg/m 3 increase). Regarding foetal growth, exposure to PM2.5 is negatively associated with reduced head circumference and weight at birth [90], while NO 2 is significantly linked to a shorter length at birth [90-92]. NO x has also been related to a decrease of abdominal circumference and femoral length as well as reduced weight at birth [93].…”

Section: Environmental Exposure During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Exposure during Pregnancy: Influence on Prenatal Development and Early Life: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2021

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Preconception and prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants may affect future health. Pregnancy and early life are critical sensitive windows of susceptibility. The aim of this review was to summarize current evidence on the toxic effects of environment exposure during pregnancy, the neonatal period, and childhood. Alcohol use is related to foetal alcohol spectrum disorders, foetal alcohol syndrome being its most extreme form. Smoking is associated with placental abnormalities, preterm birth, stillbirth, or impaired growth and development, as well as with intellectual impairment, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases later in life. Negative birth outcomes have been linked to the use of drugs of abuse. Pregnant and lactating women are exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and heavy metals present in foodstuffs, which may alter hormones in the body. Prenatal exposure to these compounds has been associated with pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and thyroid function. Metals can accumulate in the placenta, causing foetal growth restriction. Evidence on the effects of air pollutants on pregnancy is constantly growing, for example, preterm birth, foetal growth restriction, increased uterine vascular resistance, impaired placental vascularization, increased gestational diabetes, and reduced telomere length. The advantages of breastfeeding outweigh any risks from contaminants. However, it is important to assess health outcomes of toxic exposures via breastfeeding. Initial studies suggest an association between pre-eclampsia and environmental noise, particularly with early-onset pre-eclampsia. There is rising evidence of the negative effects of environmental contaminants following exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding, which should be considered a major public health issue.

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Section: Environmental Exposure During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Exposure during Pregnancy: Influence on Prenatal Development and Early Life: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2021

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“…FVC and FEV 1 were not affected in either gender. Emerging evidence indicates that pregnant women are more susceptible to ambient air particles, resulting in adverse birth outcomes including low birth weight, impaired neonatal head circumference, and preterm birth, but significant heterogeneity is consistently observed (Fu et al 2019;Guo et al 2019;Sun et al 2015). Many studies do not account for exposure time, pollutant type, socioeconomic status, and disease history.…”

Section: Epidemiological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and Gender Differences in the Susceptibility to Environmental Exposures

Silveyra

Housseiny

Rebuli

2021

Physiology in Health and Disease

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In the past 50 years, the number of publications on air pollution and lung disease has increased considerably, although the number of studies considering sex (a biologic factor), or gender (a social construct), has remained low and stagnant. Accumulating data from studies assessing the effects of the environment on lung health have shown direct associations of air pollution exposures with lung inflammation. Sex-specific disaggregation of data has indicated that substantialbut frequently overlookeddifferences exist between men and women, highlighting the importance of sex-and gender-stratified analyses to guide the deployment of safe and effective therapeutics options for males and females. In this chapter, we present an overview of the scientific evidence on differential effects of environmental exposures in men and women. We summarize clinical studies and research using animal models aiming to elucidate sex-specific mechanisms of inflammation and toxicity from a wide range of air pollutants. Understanding these mechanisms can lead to the development of more personalized prevention efforts and better-informed environmental policies accounting for sex, gender, and hormonal status.

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“…Exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy is particularly worrisome due to the health threat posed to both pregnant women and their fetuses. Several epidemiologic reviews have highlighted the possible association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants and pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (Zhang et al, 2020 ), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (Bai et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2020 ) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) (Fu et al, 2019 ). According to the Barker hypothesis, different environmental conditions present already at the time of conception may pose an increased risk of developing diseases later in life (Barker, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution Exposure With Placental Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Telomere Length and Preeclampsia

et al. 2021

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Background: Studies have shown that ambient air pollution is linked to preeclampsia (PE), possibly via generation of oxidative stress in the placenta. Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) are sensitive to oxidative stress damage.Objective: To study the association between prenatal exposure to ambient nitrogen oxides (NOx, a marker for traffic-related air pollution), and PE, as well as potential mediation effects by placental telomere length and mtDNAcn.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 42 preeclamptic and 95 arbitrarily selected normotensive pregnant women with gestational ambient NOx exposure assessment in southern Scania, Sweden. Hourly concentrations of NOx were estimated at the residential addresses by a Gaussian-plume dispersion model with 100 × 100 m spatial resolutions and aggregated into trimester-specific mean concentrations. Placental relative mtDNAcn and telomere length were measured using qPCR. Linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate associations, adjusted for perinatal and seasonal characteristics.Results: Exposure was categorized into low and high exposures by median cut-offs during first [11.9 μg/m3; interquartile range (IQR) 7.9, 17.9], second (11.6 μg/m3; IQR: 7.1, 21.1), third trimesters (11.9 μg/m3; IQR: 7.7, 19.5) and entire pregnancy (12.0 μg/m3; IQR: 7.6, 20.1). Increased risk of PE was found for high prenatal NOx exposure during the first trimester (OR 4.0; 95% CI: 1.4, 11.1; p = 0.008), and entire pregnancy (OR 3.7; 95% CI: 1.3, 10.4; p = 0.012). High exposed group during the first trimester had lower placental relative mtDNAcn compared with low exposed group (−0.20; 95% CI: −0.36, −0.04; p = 0.01). Changes in relative mtDNAcn did not mediate the association between prenatal NOx exposure and PE. No statistically significant association was found between placental relative telomere length, prenatal NOx exposure and PE.Conclusion: In this region with relatively low levels of air pollution, ambient NOx exposure during the first trimester was associated with reduced placental relative mtDNAcn and an increased risk of PE. However, we did not find any evidence that mtDNAcn or TL mediated the association between air pollution and PE. Future research should further investigate the role of mtDNAcn for pregnancy complications in relation to exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy.

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The associations of air pollution exposure during pregnancy with fetal growth and anthropometric measurements at birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 33 publications

References 54 publications

Environmental Exposure during Pregnancy: Influence on Prenatal Development and Early Life: A Comprehensive Review

Environmental Exposure during Pregnancy: Influence on Prenatal Development and Early Life: A Comprehensive Review

Sex and Gender Differences in the Susceptibility to Environmental Exposures

Association of Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution Exposure With Placental Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Telomere Length and Preeclampsia

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