The assumption of rational choice theory in Alfred Adler's theory of crime: Unraveling and reconciling the contradiction in Adlerian theory through synthesis and critique

Shon, Phillip; Barton‐Bellessa, Shannon M.

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2015.07.004

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In respect of crime, Adler's individual psychology school of thought views criminals as lacking a sense of social interest (Shon and Barton-Bellessa, 2015), while literacy is viewed to empower individuals and drives active citizenship. From a crime theory point of view, Alder acknowledged that various structural forces such as poverty, which illiteracy is often associated with, and race potentially impact how one's personality develops.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a crime theory point of view, Alder acknowledged that various structural forces such as poverty, which illiteracy is often associated with, and race potentially impact how one's personality develops. Furthermore, Alder believed that gangs are formed as a result of juveniles seeking a sense of acceptance and belonging, which they obtain through fellow delinquents (Shon and Barton-Bellessa, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Read, write, develop: the socio-economic impact of literacy in South Africa

Khumalo

Alhassan

2021

IJSE

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PurposeTaking motivation from South Africa's ranking of 50 out of 50 countries who participated in the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study of Grade four learners in 2016, this paper examines the social and economic outcomes of literacy in South Africa.Design/methodology/approachUsing unemployment, income and crime rates as proxies for social and economic outcomes, the effect of literacy is examined by employing the fixed- and random-effects techniques to estimate a panel data covering nine provinces in South Africa from 2008 to 2017.FindingsThe results show that literacy rate worsens unemployment but improves crime rate and income per capita across South African provinces.Practical implicationsPolicymakers need to consider an expanded view of literacy by extending investments to cover financial and technology literacy in addition to functional literacy to fully maximise the benefits of education.Originality/valueTo the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first empirical assessment of literacy outcomes in South Africa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Read, write, develop: the socio-economic impact of literacy in South Africa

Khumalo

Alhassan

2021

IJSE

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“…It is based on the idea that criminals take geographic factors into account when deciding on crimes (Bartol & M., 2006). Many theories and applications were built on environmental criminology such as rational choice, routine activity and crime pattern (Malleson & Birkin, 2012;Shon & Barton-Bellessa, 2015;Wilcox, 2015). However, several attempts have been made to derive criteria that can enhance security and reduce crime in housing communities as discussed below.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Security in Affordable Housing: The Case of Prince Fawaz Project

Attia

2021

JCUA

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The present study argues that the urban form of affordable housing projects affects safety and security. The study examines the level of safety and security in the Prince Fawaz project proposing recommendations that enhance it. Theories and approaches concerned with the environmental crime are initially reviewed. Then, urban and architectural features as well as crime rates and patterns are documented. Also, trace and behaviour observations are carried out. The observations monitored urban features and behaviours associated with crime or fear of crime. Residents’ perception for security and fear of crime is extracted through a questionnaire. A Space Syntax is processed and linked with the questionnaire and observation outputs. Observations demonstrate a semblance of fear of crime which is supported by records of car and home theft. Although the questionnaire reflects a suitable level of security, it points to peripheral spaces and areas around mosques and shops as the less secure. However, enhancing security in the Prince Fawaz project requires urban interventions including controlling access to peripheral spaces, reviving areas detected to be unsafe, repositioning elements causing visual obstacles and enhancing appearance by vegetation and sustainable maintenance. Besides, reformulating the movement network so that an appropriate integration between residents and strangers is achieved. On the conceptual level, the study proves that none of the theories of environmental crime can act as a comprehensive approach; but each can partly work.

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“…Pela lente da Teoria Econômica da Escolha Racional, a prática de um crime assume uma capacidade racional e deliberativa dos sujeitos, que escolhem cometer um crime pautados pelo princípio da utilidade (Shon & Barton-Bellessa, 2015). A causa do crime estaria, assim, relacionada, de um lado, com fatores relativos à renda, como o salário percebido no mercado de trabalho formal, o desemprego e a desigualdade de renda, e de outro lado, fatores dissuasórios, como a (in)eficácia do trabalho das forças policiais e a punibilidade ou impunidade diante dos atos criminais (Cerqueira, 2014).…”

Section: Fundamentação Teóricaunclassified

Fatores determinantes do controle da criminalidade em gestão de políticas de segurança pública

et al. 2021

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Resumo É alvo central de discussões a temática relacionada à segurança pública no país, especialmente, no tocante aos índices de criminalidade. Este estudo aborda a temática a partir da Teoria Econômica da Escolha Racional e de teorias de base sociológica que buscam explicar as causas do crime. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar fatores determinantes para o controle dos índices de criminalidade a partir de dados do estado do Espírito Santo. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem quantitativa. Foram utilizados dados secundários, tendo como referência o modelo teórico proposto. Adotou-se, ainda, como método de teste de hipóteses, o modelo de regressão linear, com o auxílio do software SPSS Statistics, versão 25. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que o elemento relativo à empregabilidade da população influencia direta e significativamente o controle dos índices de crimes de homicídios dolosos e de crimes contra o patrimônio. Ademais, conjugado ao emprego (atividades laborais formais), os fatores renda e educação da população demonstraram influenciar positivamente no controle dos crimes contra o patrimônio.

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The assumption of rational choice theory in Alfred Adler's theory of crime: Unraveling and reconciling the contradiction in Adlerian theory through synthesis and critique

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

Read, write, develop: the socio-economic impact of literacy in South Africa

Read, write, develop: the socio-economic impact of literacy in South Africa

Enhancing Security in Affordable Housing: The Case of Prince Fawaz Project

Fatores determinantes do controle da criminalidade em gestão de políticas de segurança pública

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