The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Microwave Intensity and Polarization Maps of the Galactic Center

Guan, Yilun; Clark, Susan E.; Hensley, Brandon S.; Gallardo, Patricio A.; Naess, Sigurd; Duell, Cody J.; Aiola, Simone; Atkins, Zachary; Calabrese, Erminia; Choi, Steve K.; Cothard, Nicholas F.; Devlin, Mark; Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J.; Dunkley, Jo; Dünner, Rolando; Ferraro, Simone; Hasselfield, Matthew; Hughes, John P.; Koopman, Brian J.; Kosowsky, Arthur B.; Madhavacheril, Mathew S.; McMahon, Jeff; Nati, Federico; Niemack, Michael D.; Page, Lyman A.; Salatino, Maria; Schaan, Emmanuel; Sehgal, Neelima; Sifón, Cristóbal; Staggs, Suzanne; Vavagiakis, Eve M.; Wollack, Edward J.; Xu, Zhilei

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2105.05267

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…In prototypical Seyfert NGC 1068 all these ionizers are operating on < 100-pc radius within its 1 kpc star-forming ring. Figure 2(d) highlights remarkable similarities between NGC 1068 radio structures and those in our GC: a core region delineated by elliptical green contours at ∼ 60 pc radius that coincides with the bundle of vertical non-thermal, strongly polarized radio filaments (Guan et al 2021) in the MW that delineates its radio shells, knots in the compact jet within that have the same scale as the X-ray extension, radio lobes, and Galactic Center Lobe in the MW, and blobs at the end of the NGC 1068 jet that distend to become the NE bow-shaped radio lobe at the same scale as the FB in the MW. The latter shape with adjacent optical and X-ray emission signifies a radiative, detached bow shock formed when a supersonic jet encounters a rapid decline in ambient pressure.…”

Section: Comparison With the Seyfert Ngc 1068 Outflowmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…To the north, the X-ray pattern offsets east of similar radio continuum emission (Heywood et al 2019;Ponti et al 2021). The enigmatic, vertical bundle of flux tubes (Guan et al 2021) at 15 radius east may confine the X-ray emission, which at least in the north protrudes farther eastward once the filaments end. To the south, radio synchrotron 1-2 Myr old appears to envelop the X-rays (Nakashima et al 2013;Ponti et al 2013).…”

Section: Bubbles and Channelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Tracing the Milky Way's Vestigial Nuclear Jet

Cecil,

Wagner,

Bland-Hawthorn

et al. 2021

Preprint

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MeerKAT radio continuum and XMM-Newton X-ray images have recently revealed a spectacular bipolar channel at the Galactic Center that spans several degrees (∼ 0.5 kpc). An intermittent jet likely formed this channel and is consistent with earlier evidence of a sustained, Seyfert-level outburst fueled by black-hole accretion onto Sgr A * several Myr ago. Therefore, to trace an intermittent jet that perhaps penetrated, deflected, and percolated along multiple paths through the interstellar medium, relevant interactions are identified and quantified in archival X-ray images, Hubble Space Telescope Paschen-α images and ALMA mm-wave spectra, and new SOAR telescope IR spectra. Hydrodynamical simulations are used to show how a currently weak jet can explain these structures and inflate the ROSAT/eROSITA X-ray and Fermi γ-ray bubbles that extend ±60 • from the Galactic plane. Thus, our Galactic outflow has features in common with energetic, jet-driven structures in the prototypical Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068.

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Section: Comparison With the Seyfert Ngc 1068 Outflowmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Bubbles and Channelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Tracing the Milky Way's Vestigial Nuclear Jet

Cecil,

Wagner,

Bland-Hawthorn

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…It has been observed in the polarization data of many, if not all, instruments measuring polarization. Some procedures have been proposed to subtract the effect from the data, for instruments such as NIKA2 ( [27]), ACTPol ( [41]) or HAWC+ ( [30]). The origin of the effect is unclear, but observations suggest that it is due to the propagation of light in the instrument.…”

Section: Leakagementioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the polarization leakage correction in the PILOT data

Bernard¹,

Bernard²,

Roussel³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Polarized Instrument for Long-wavelength Observation of the Tenuous interstellar medium (PILOT) is a balloon-borne experiment that aims to measure the polarized emission of thermal dust at a wavelength of 240 μm (1.2THz). The PILOT experiment flew from Timmins, Ontario, Canada in 2015 and 2019 and from Alice Springs, Australia in April 2017. The in-flight performance of the instrument during the second flight was described in [1]. In this paper,we present data processing steps that were not presented in [1] and that we have recently implemented to correct for several remaining instrumental effects. The additional data processing concerns corrections related to detector cross-talk and readout circuit memory effects, and leakage from total intensity to polarization. We illustrate the above effects and the performance of our corrections using data obtained during the third flight of PILOT, but the methods used to assess the impact of these effects on the final science-ready data, and our strategies for correcting them will be applied to all PILOT data. We show that the above corrections, and in particular that for the intensity to polarization leakage, which is most critical for accurate polarization measurements with PILOT, are accurate to better than 0.4% as measured on Jupiter during flight#3.

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“…However, these observations were made with arcminute-scale resolutions compared to the arcsecondscale resolutions of Paré et al (2019). It is possible that the alternating magnetic field pattern observed for the Radio Arc NTFs in Paré et al (2019) can only be discerned with a arcsecond-scale spatial resolution, and the alternating pattern is undetectable in Guan et al (2021) and Ruud et al (2015) due to the much larger beam sizes of those observations. Furthermore, Faraday rotation is less significant at these higher frequencies, since it scales with λ 2 , and so these observations could be observing the polarization emitted by the NTFs without experiencing significant Faraday effects.…”

Section: Possible Alternative Mechanisms Producing Alternating Magnet...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Intrinsic Magnetic Field in the Galactic Center Radio Arc

Paré,

Purcell,

Lang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Radio Arc is a system of organized non-thermal filaments (NTFs) located within the Galactic Center (GC) region of the Milky Way. Recent observations of the Radio Arc NTFs revealed a magnetic field which alternates between being parallel and rotated with respect to the orientation of the filaments. This pattern is in stark contrast to the predominantly parallel magnetic field orientations observed in other GC NTFs. To help elucidate the origin of this pattern, we analyze spectro-polarimetric data of the Radio Arc NTFs using an Australian Telescope Compact Array data set covering the continuous frequency range from ∼4 to 11 GHz at a spectral resolution of 2 MHz. We fit depolarization models to the spectral polarization data to characterize Faraday effects along the line-of-sight. We assess whether structures local to the Radio Arc NTFs may contribute to the unusual magnetic field orientation. External Faraday effects are identified as the most likely origin of the rotation observed for the Radio Arc NTFs; however, internal Faraday effects are also found to be likely in regions of parallel magnetic field. The increased likelihood of internal Faraday effects in parallel magnetic field regions may be attributed to the effects of structures local to the GC. One such structure could be the Radio Shell local to the Radio Arc NTFs. Future studies are needed to determine whether this alternating magnetic field pattern is present in other multi-stranded NTFs, or is a unique property resulting from the complex interstellar region local to the Radio Arc NTFs.

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Microwave Intensity and Polarization Maps of the Galactic Center

Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

Tracing the Milky Way's Vestigial Nuclear Jet

Tracing the Milky Way's Vestigial Nuclear Jet

Performance of the polarization leakage correction in the PILOT data

Analyzing the Intrinsic Magnetic Field in the Galactic Center Radio Arc

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