The Austronesians in History: Common Origins and Diverse Transformations

Bellwood, Peter; Fox, James J.; Tryon, Darrell T.

doi:10.22459/a.09.2006.01

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Tying the B4a1a1 haplogroup, which predominates in Polynesia and Micronesia, with mid-Holocene population movements originating in Taiwan [59] or Wallacea [60] has gotten more complicated as coverage has improved [45], [51]. What is clear is that precursors of the “Motif” originated to the west of Wallacea in the early Holocene; that the full “Motif” with the transition at 14022 developed in eastern Island Southeast Asia or Near Oceania; that its frequency varies a great deal across Island Southeast Asia, Near Oceania, and sections of Remote Oceania before becoming very common in central Polynesia; and that subtypes of haplogroup E, which also developed in Island Southeast Asia during the Holocene, also have a very spotty distribution and were carried to the Bismarcks but probably no further east.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanesian mtDNA Complexity

Friedlaender²,

et al. 2007

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Melanesian populations are known for their diversity, but it has been hard to grasp the pattern of the variation or its underlying dynamic. Using 1,223 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from hypervariable regions 1 and 2 (HVR1 and HVR2) from 32 populations, we found the among-group variation is structured by island, island size, and also by language affiliation. The more isolated inland Papuan-speaking groups on the largest islands have the greatest distinctions, while shore dwelling populations are considerably less diverse (at the same time, within-group haplotype diversity is less in the most isolated groups). Persistent differences between shore and inland groups in effective population sizes and marital migration rates probably cause these differences. We also add 16 whole sequences to the Melanesian mtDNA phylogenies. We identify the likely origins of a number of the haplogroups and ancient branches in specific islands, point to some ancient mtDNA connections between Near Oceania and Australia, and show additional Holocene connections between Island Southeast Asia/Taiwan and Island Melanesia with branches of haplogroup E. Coalescence estimates based on synonymous transitions in the coding region suggest an initial settlement and expansion in the region at ∼30–50,000 years before present (YBP), and a second important expansion from Island Southeast Asia/Taiwan during the interval ∼3,500–8,000 YBP. However, there are some important variance components in molecular dating that have been overlooked, and the specific nature of ancestral (maternal) Austronesian influence in this region remains unresolved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanesian mtDNA Complexity

Friedlaender²,

et al. 2007

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“…Current portrayals of Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) over the past 5,000 years are dominated by variants of the Austronesian dispersal hypothesis (e.g., Bellwood 1984Bellwood -1985Bellwood , 1997Bellwood , 2005Bellwood, Fox, and Tryon 1995;Blust 1995;Diamond 2001;Diamond and Bellwood 2003;Shutler and Marck 1975). The Austronesian dispersal is cited as an archetypal example of a purportedly global phenomenon, the farming/language dispersal (Bellwood 2005;Bellwood and Renfrew 2002;Diamond and Bellwood 2003).…”

Section: The Current View Of Austronesian Dispersal Across Island Soumentioning

confidence: 99%

Farming and Language in Island Southeast Asia

Donohue

Denham²

2010

Current Anthropology

170

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“…There is linguistic evidence that common Austronesian cultural characteristics included concern with sibling birth order and reverence for ancestral kin group founders (Bellwood et al ., ); such family and community relationships may potentially be protective factors and resources worth strengthening in mental health treatment. While spiritual beliefs and indigenous healing practices might theoretically delay help seeking and access to “standard” medical care for psychiatric problems, they may also be protective factors and may, if integrated with other services, improve access to care.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%