The B-vitamins

Suter, Paolo M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805378-2.00017-6

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…Comparing body composition of athletes in this study the average BM of football players in this study was 78 kg, while the sample of Jenner et al [ 23 ] was 86.3 kg. The average fat mass of football players in this study was 23.1%, while the sample of Jenner et al [ 30 ] was 10.8%, and the average lean BM of football players in this study was 59.4 kg compared to 73.9 kg in the study by Jenner et al [ 23 ]. Proper comparison might again be limited due to body composition measurement limitations [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…A prominent example is widespread usage of vitamin B6, which athletes already ingested enough through food alone. Using supplements without evidence base or objective needs (e.g., nutritional anamnesis and/or bloodwork) is at best an unnecessary waste of money, and at worst may have major negative consequences, e.g., excessive intake of vitamin B6 can cause neuropathy [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake, Body Composition and Performance of Professional Football Athletes in Slovenia

et al. 2022

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This is the first study to examine the nutritional status of professional Slovenian football players. This study aimed to analyze the dietary intake of elite football players during their preparation phase of the season and to investigate whether there is a relationship between energy and macronutrient intake with body composition and physical performance. Twenty-three footballers completed a three-day dietary and physical activity diary and underwent body composition measurements via bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Fifteen participants also took part in the Cooper treadmill test to assess their physical performance in correlation with their nutritional intake. Football players had an energy intake that was significantly too low for their needs, reflecting low energy availability. The average carbohydrate (CHO) intake was below the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) recommendations, i.e., <4 g CHO/kg body weight (BW). Additionally, players had adequate intakes of protein and fat, and inadequate intakes of saturated fat, fiber, calcium and vitamin D. There was a positive correlation between protein intake and lean body mass. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between body fat mass and carbohydrate intake as well as between performance with the percentage of energy intake from fat. Results of this study highlight what aspects of nutrition might be improved upon in professional football players to maximize performance, longevity and body composition of athletes, as well as the necessity of a nutritionist role in this process.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake, Body Composition and Performance of Professional Football Athletes in Slovenia

et al. 2022

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“…Zein was presented as a food‐grade encapsulating material for three B‐complex vitamins –B3 (niacin), B6 (pyridoxine) and B9 (folic acid). This class of water‐soluble vitamins is essential in cell metabolism roles 17,30,32,33,41‐43 . Our study is the first to demonstrate the ability of systems produced by electrospraying to encapsulate combined B‐complex vitamins as a preliminary approach for food/nutraceutical/pharmaceutical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Electrosprayed B‐complex vitamins/zein microparticles for drug sustained release and antioxidant applications

Coelho,

Giron,

Rocha

et al. 2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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B‐complex vitamins are important compounds for the human body, namely for brain and cell function and preventing infections and diseases. However, the instability associated to these vitamins is a critical problem. Their encapsulation into delivery systems that are able to protect them against undesirable conditions can be one solution. The present study focuses on the encapsulation of the B‐complex vitamin at different concentrations (1, 5 and 10% w/w) by an electrohydrodynamic technique. The synergistic effect of the vitamins B in the enhancing antioxidant activity of the microstructures is investigated. Zein, a prolamine protein found in corn, was the chosen wall material. The matrices were analysed in terms of the surface morphology, encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity and release of the B‐vitamins from the zein microstructures. Spherical microbeads were produced with size between 0.32 and 0.38 μm and with high efficiency of encapsulation. Vitamins release profiles were obtained and the results suggested similar release profiles (in the range of 10 ‐ 40 hours) for the vitamin B3, vitamin B6, B3 plus B6 and B3 plus B6 plus B9. The Weibull model was used to adjust the experimental release profiles. Regarding the assessed antioxidant activity, it was possible to visualize an activity enhancement of the vitamin B3, vitamin B9, combined vitamins B6 and B9. Overall, the proposed encapsulation microsystems are a suitable alternative for the encapsulation of sensitive bioactive ingredients, such as vitamins, against external conditions, maintaining the indispensable stability essential for food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…Normally, all these vitamins are found in sources of animal and plant origin. In addition, there are many foods that are fortified with such vitamins, especially due to deficiencies having been reported ( 62 ).…”

Section: Water-soluble Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

E, K, B5, B6, and B9 vitamins and their specific immunological effects evaluated by flow cytometry

et al. 2023

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It has been proven that vitamins play an essential role in preventing certain diseases since ancient times. It is thus fruitless to approach the roles of vitamins without making reference to the techniques used in evaluating the effects of these micronutrients. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to summarize the immunological effects of E, K, B5, B6, and B9 vitamins evaluated by flow cytometry. Some of these significant effects were presented and discussed: (a) The role of vitamins E in the prevention and treatment of different types of cancer. (b) The properties of K vitamins in the development and maintenance of pheochromocytoma Cell Line 12 (PC12) cells in Parkinson’s disease; (c) The improvement effect of vitamin B5 on the loss of bone mass in low estrogen conditions; (d) The anticancer role of vitamins B6. (e) The role of Vitamin B9 in the regulation of Treg cells. As such, the flow cytometry technique used to assess these properties is essential to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of certain vitamins. The technique undergoes constant improvement which makes it possible to determine several parameters with a role in the modulation of the immune function and at the same time increase the accuracy of the methods that highlight them.

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The B-vitamins

Cited by 6 publications

References 224 publications

Dietary Intake, Body Composition and Performance of Professional Football Athletes in Slovenia

Dietary Intake, Body Composition and Performance of Professional Football Athletes in Slovenia

Electrosprayed B‐complex vitamins/zein microparticles for drug sustained release and antioxidant applications

E, K, B5, B6, and B9 vitamins and their specific immunological effects evaluated by flow cytometry

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