The Band Structure of a Rare Earth Element of Promethium (III) Oxide (Pm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Calculated Using Density Functional Theory

Rafi, Nur Afifah Mohd; Rosli, Ahmad Nazrul

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1090/1/012005

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After the discovery of radioactivity, radium acted in this capacity until its harm was revealed. Promethium compounds, however, turned out to be harmless radioactive phosphors (Rafi and Rosli, 2018). Therefore, promethium found its place in fluorescent paints.…”

Section: Illuminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, promethium found its place in fluorescent paints. The promethium compounds used to make the characteristic "medium spring green" (pale blue-green) (Emsley, 2011) glow are usually Pm 2 O 3 or Pm(OH) 3 (Takami and Matsuzawa, 1981;Ravi et al, 2001;Rafi and Rosli, 2018). For example, promethium was used to illuminate instruments in the Apollo landing modules during the Moon expeditions (English et al, 1973).…”

Section: Illuminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Promethium: To Strive, to Seek, to Find and Not to Yield

Elkina

Kurushkin

2020

Front. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Promethium (Pm), element #61, got its name from the Greek Titan Prometheus, who stole fire from Zeus and passed it to people. The only element in the lanthanide series of the periodic table with no stable isotopes, Pm has found an impressive number of applications since its announcement in 1947 after World War II. Despite promethium having 38 known isotopes, 147 Pm is by far the most utilized and useful one. Promethium is used in long-life atomic batteries for satellites or space probes, satellite-to-submarine laser communication systems, "cosmic clocks" for the measurement of cosmic rays lifetime, monitoring of the changes in water content of citrus leaves caused by wetting and drying cycles in the soil, radiotherapy, and even for prevention of dandruff, to name but a few applications. During the Moon expeditions, Pm was used to illuminate instruments in the Apollo landing modules; currently it is used during preparations for long-term interplanetary missions (e.g., Mars) to simulate space conditions on Earth. This mini review offers a comprehensive illustration of promethium's history, synthesis techniques, properties, and its major applications in science, technology, and everyday life.

show abstract

Section: Illuminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Illuminationmentioning

confidence: 99%