The basic karyotype of Rye (Secale cereale) analysed with Giemsa and fluorescence methods

Vosa, Canio G.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1974.106

Cited by 59 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Their karyotypes differ only in the arm ratios of chromosomes 3,4, and 7. These characteristics are in general agreement with those reported previously (Vosa 1974). Gustafson et al (1976) used Giemsa banding techniques to show that these two species differed by only two translocations involving three chromosomes.…”

Section: Secale L (R Genome)supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Karyotype analysis has also been considered an important method for genome analysis. The most extensive studies using karyotype analysis have been conducted on the annuals in Triticum, Aegilops, Hordeum, and Secale (Tjio and Hagberg 1951;Oinuma 1953;Riley et al 1958;Giorgi and Bozzini 1969;Lange and Jochemsen 197 1 ;Vosa 1974). Karyotype studies of perennials are grossly incomplete, and no one has attempted to describe the karyotypes of the diploids from a worldwide perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Karyotype analysis and genome relationships of 22 diploid species in the tribe Triticeae

Hsiao¹,

Wang²,

Dewey³

1986

Can. J. Genet. Cytol.

116

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Karyotypes were analyzed on 24 diploid taxa (mostly perennials) belonging to eight Triticeae genera, which are defined by genome content (basic set of seven chromosomes): (i) Agropyron (P genome), (ii) Thinopyrum (J genome), (iii) Secale (R genome), (iv) Hordeum (i genome), (v) Pseudoroegneria (S genome), (vi) Psathyrostachys (N genome), (vii) Australopyrum (W genome), and (viii) Critesion (H genome). In addition to traditional karyotype preparations, the metaphase root-tip chromosomes were analyzed by an interactive microcomputer program that printed an idiogram in which chromosomes were arranged by length. Genomes, arranged by decreasing length, are R, I, P, N, J, S, H, and W (with lengths ranging from 61.29 to 39.39 μm). Almost without exception, karyotypes of species within a genus manifest a pattern that is unique to the genome. Morphologically unique genomes are useful diagnostic features in genome identification and can complement interpretation of chromosome pairing in genome analysis.Key words: Triticeae, diploid, karyotype, genome relationship.

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Section: Secale L (R Genome)supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Karyotype analysis and genome relationships of 22 diploid species in the tribe Triticeae

Hsiao¹,

Wang²,

Dewey³

1986

Can. J. Genet. Cytol.

116

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“…The distribution of C-bands was broadly similar to those described in grasses such as rye (Vosa 1974), Agropyron J. Gaertn. (Endo and Gill 1984), and maize (Aguiar-Perecin 1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Karyological analysis and genome size in Milium (Gramineae) with special reference to polyploidy and chromosomal evolution

Bennett¹,

Thomas²

1991

Genome

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BENNETT, S. T., and THOMAS, S. M. 1991. Karyological analysis and genome size in Milium (Gramineae) with special reference to polyploidy and chromosomal evolution. Genome, 34: 868-878. Karyotypes, nuclear DNA amounts, and meiotic behaviour are presented for Milium effusum L. (2n = 28), Milium montianum Parl. (2n = 22), and two cytotypes of Milium vernale Bieb. (2n = 8, 10). The bimodal karyotype of M. montianum (8 large and 14 small chromosomes) is described for the first time. Evidence from C-banding and geographical distribution suggests an ancient interracial allopolyploid origin for M. effusum (2n = 28). Although M. montianum is undoubtedly allopolyploid, its parentage is unconfirmed. A strong resemblance between the M. vernale (2n = 8) karyotype and the eight large chromosomes in M. montianum suggests a common ancestry. It is possible that a diploid form of M. effusum contributed the remaining 14 chromosomes. A selective loss of DNA sequences from the smaller chromosomes during the subsequent reorganization of the allopolyploid genome may have enhanced the bimodality of the karyotype. Geographical distribution and a change in the breeding system support the direction of the change x = 5 to x = 4 in M. vernale. Allopolyploidy appears to have played a central role in the chromosome evolution and speciation of Milium. Key words: Milium (Gramineae), karyotype analysis, genome size, polyploidy, chromosome evolution. BENNETT, S. T., et THOMAS, S. M. 1991. Karyological analysis and genome size in Milium (Gramineae) with special reference to polyploidy and chromosomal evolution. Genome, 34 : 868-878. La presente etude a porte sur les caryotypes, les quantites d'ADN nucleaire et le comportement meiotique des entites suivantes : Milium effusum L. (2n = 28), Milium montianum Parl. (2n = 22), et deux cytotypes de Milium vernale Bieb. (2n = 8, 10). Le caryotype bimodal de M. montianum (8 grands et 14 petits chromosomes) est decrit pour la premiere fois. Les evidences provenant de la distribution geographique et des bandes C suggerent pour le M. effusum (2n = 28) une origine allopolyploi'de interraciale. Le M. montianum est probablement allopolyploi'de, mais ses origines ancestrales n'ont pas ete confirmies. La forte resemblance existant entre le caryotype de M. vernale (2n = 8) et les huit gros chromosomes du M. montianum suggere pour ces deux entites une origine ancestrale commune. 11 est possible qu'une forme diploi'de de M. effusum ait pu fournir les 14 autres chromosomes. Une perte selective de sequences d'ADN chez les plus petits chromosomes lors d'une reorganisation subsequente du genome allopoiyploi'de peut avoir favorise la bimodalite de ce caryotype. La distribution geographique et un systeme de croisements vient a l'appui de la direction du changement de x = 5 a x = 4 chez le M. vernale. L'allopolyploi'die semble avoir joue un r81e dominant dans l'evolution chromosomique et la speciation chez le Milium.

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“…The method has been reported previously by Narayan (1982). Metaphase preparations were C-banded with Giemsa using the method suggested by Vosa (1974). The volumes of euchromatin and heterochromatin were then measured separately in each chromosome.…”

Section: Chromosome Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal DNA variation, genomic constraints and recombination in Lathyrus

Narayan

McIntyre

1989

Genetica

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There is approximately a doubling of the total nuclear DNA between the 8 Lathyrus species and there are significant differences in the amounts of DNA in euchromatin and heterochromatin. Between the 8 species chiasma frequency and total nuclear DNA are not correlated but within complements it is positively correlated with the amount of DNA in the chromosomes. There is no significant correlation between chiasma frequency and euchromatin DNA nor between chiasma frequency and heterochromatin DNA among species, but among chromosomes, as with total DNA, it is positively correlated with euchromatin DNA and heterochromatin DNA. Results show that despite the large differences in DNA amounts between species there are genomic constraints underlying the frequency and distribution of chiasmata in the chromosome complements.

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The basic karyotype of Rye (Secale cereale) analysed with Giemsa and fluorescence methods

Cited by 59 publications

References 12 publications

Karyotype analysis and genome relationships of 22 diploid species in the tribe Triticeae

Karyotype analysis and genome relationships of 22 diploid species in the tribe Triticeae

Karyological analysis and genome size in Milium (Gramineae) with special reference to polyploidy and chromosomal evolution

Chromosomal DNA variation, genomic constraints and recombination in Lathyrus

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