“…Students studying science education have diverse ideas about the Universe, its creation, and the Big Bang (Aretz et al, 2016;Prather et al, 2009;Smulsky, 2014;Trumper, 2001c). Trumper (2001aTrumper ( , 2001bTrumper ( , 2001c studied the alternative ideas of middle school students, high school students, and teachers with no prior teaching experience and found similar results regarding their misconceptions.…”