The Basolateral Amygdala Is Critical to the Expression of Pavlovian and Instrumental Outcome-Specific Reinforcer Devaluation Effects

Johnson, Alexander W.; Gallagher, Michela; Holland, Peter C.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3758-08.2009

Cited by 129 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In contrast to our results, many studies in appetitive conditioning paradigms indicate that the BLA is importantly involved in revaluing food USs (Hatfield et al 1996;Killcross et al 1997;Blundell et al 2001;Balleine et al 2003;Everitt et al 2003;Pickens et al 2003;Holland 2004;Holland and Gallagher 2004;Johnson et al 2009). One reason the BLA may be important for US revaluation in these paradigms concerns the method used to revalue the US.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, recent appetitive studies have found that the BLA is involved in reinforcer devaluation only when multiple reinforcers are used (Wellman et al 2005;Ostlund and Balleine 2008;Johnson et al 2009); BLA manipulations do not influence devaluation when single-outcome associations are learned (Pickens et al 2003). Hence, differences in both the valence and number of USs may influence the degree to which the amygdala is engaged in US revaluation processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The amygdala is not necessary for unconditioned stimulus inflation after Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats

et al. 2009

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The basolateral complex (BLA) and central nucleus (CEA) of the amygdala play critical roles in associative learning, including Pavlovian conditioning. However, the precise role for these structures in Pavlovian conditioning is not clear. Recent work in appetitive conditioning paradigms suggests that the amygdala, particularly the BLA, has an important role in representing the value of the unconditioned stimulus (US). It is not known whether the amygdala performs such a function in aversive paradigms, such as Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats. To address this issue, Experiments 1 and 2 used temporary pharmacological inactivation of the amygdala prior to a US inflation procedure to assess its role in revaluing shock USs after either overtraining (Experiment 1) or limited training (Experiment 2), respectively. Inactivation of the BLA or CEA during the inflation session did not affect subsequent increases in conditioned freezing observed to either the tone conditioned stimulus (CS) or the conditioning context in either experiment. In Experiment 3, NBQX infusions into the BLA impaired the acquisition of auditory fear conditioning with an inflation-magnitude US, indicating that the amygdala is required for associative learning with intense USs. Together, these results suggest that the amygdala is not required for revaluing an aversive US despite being required for the acquisition of fear to that US.Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats is a behavioral model used to investigate the neurobiology underlying the development and maintenance of fear learning and memory (Grillon et al. 1996;LeDoux 1998LeDoux , 2000Bouton et al. 2001;Maren 2001bMaren , 2005Kim and Jung 2006). In this model, an innocuous conditioned stimulus (CS), such as a tone, is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US), such as a footshock. After one or more pairings, the rat learns that the CS predicts the US. As a consequence, CS presentations alone elicit a conditioned fear response (CR), which includes increases in heart rate, arterial blood pressure, hypoalgesia, potentiated acoustic startle, stress hormone release, and freezing (somatomotor immobility).The amygdala has been identified as one of the major regions in which fear memories are encoded and stored. Within the amygdala, the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA; consisting of the lateral, basolateral, and basomedial nuclei) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) receive convergent CS and US information and are involved in the acquisition of fear

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The amygdala is not necessary for unconditioned stimulus inflation after Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats

et al. 2009

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“…Motivational behaviors driven by expected pleasantness thus depend upon the episodic memories of prior experiences with the rewards. Research conducted on animals demonstrated that this mechanism relies on a network that includes the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala, which plays a critical role in encoding and updating experienced pleasantness (Johnson et al, 2009;Wassum et al, 2011a,b;Wellman et al, 2005), as well as prelimbic regions of the prefrontal cortex (Balleine and Dickinson, 1998;Killcross and Coutureau, 2003) and dorsomedial regions of the striatum (Yin et al, 2005), which retrieve and compute expected pleasantness to modulate the behavioral output.…”

Section: Differentiating Expected Pleasantness From Affective Relevanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring wanting and liking from animals to humans: A systematic review

Pool

Sennwald

Delplanque

et al. 2016

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

198

147

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a b s t r a c tAnimal research has shown it is possible to want a reward that is not liked once obtained. Although these findings have elicited interest, human experiments have produced contradictory results, raising doubts about the existence of separate wanting and liking influences in human reward processing. This discrepancy could be due to inconsistences in the operationalization of these concepts. We systematically reviewed the methodologies used to assess human wanting and/or liking and found that most studies operationalized these concepts in congruency with the animal literature. Nonetheless, numerous studies operationalized wanting in similar ways to those that operationalized liking. These contradictions might be driven by a major source of confound: expected pleasantness. Expected pleasantness underlies cognitive desires and does not correspond to animal liking, a hedonic experience, or to animal wanting, which relies on affective relevance, consisting of the perception of a cue associated with a relevant reward for the organism's current physiological state. Extending the concept of affective relevance and differentiating it from expected pleasantness might improve measures of human wanting and liking.

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“…Inputs from the BLA are of interest because of data suggesting that the BLA is responsible for assigning motivational significance to stimuli and responses, particularly when animals must discriminate multiple rewards with reference to their sensoryspecific properties Corbit and Balleine, 2005;Balleine and Killcross, 2006;Johnson et al, 2009). Whereas rats with BLA lesions are not impaired in the acquisition of instrumental tasks, they do show deficits in performance following outcome devaluation Corbit and Balleine, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Amygdala-Striatal Pathway in the Acquisition and Performance of Goal-Directed Instrumental Actions

Corbit¹,

Leung

Balleine

2013

J. Neurosci.

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The posterior dorsomedial striatum (pDMS) is essential for the acquisition and expression of the specific response-outcome (R-O) associations that underlie goal-directed action. Here we examined the role of a pathway linking the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and pDMS in such goal-directed learning. In Experiment 1, rats received unilateral lesions of the BLA and were implanted with cannula targeting the pDMS in either the ipsilateral (control) or contralateral (disconnection) hemisphere. After initial training, rats received infusions of muscimol to inactivate the pDMS immediately before sessions in which novel R-O associations were introduced. Sensitivity to devaluation by specific satiety was then assessed. Whereas rats in the ipsilateral group used the recently acquired associations to direct performance following devaluation, those in the contralateral group could not, indicating that BLA-pDMS disconnection prevented the acquisition of the new R-O associations. Indeed, evidence suggested that these rats relied instead on learning acquired during prior training to direct performance following devaluation. In Experiment 2, rats underwent similar surgery and training except they received muscimol infusions immediately before devaluation testing. Those in the ipsilateral group showed a selective devaluation effect, again based on the most recently introduced R-O associations. In contrast, rats in the contralateral group showed nonselective performance after devaluation indicating that the BLA-DMS pathway is also required for the expression of selective R-O associations. Together these results suggest that input from the BLA is essential for specific R-O learning by the pDMS.

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The Basolateral Amygdala Is Critical to the Expression of Pavlovian and Instrumental Outcome-Specific Reinforcer Devaluation Effects

Cited by 129 publications

References 27 publications

The amygdala is not necessary for unconditioned stimulus inflation after Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats

The amygdala is not necessary for unconditioned stimulus inflation after Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats

Measuring wanting and liking from animals to humans: A systematic review

The Role of the Amygdala-Striatal Pathway in the Acquisition and Performance of Goal-Directed Instrumental Actions

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