The Bdellovibrios: Bacterial Parasites of Bacteria

Stolp, H.

doi:10.1146/annurev.py.11.090173.000413

Cited by 55 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Bdellovihrio strains are gram-negative, bacteriolytic organisms which prey (10,14) on gramnegative bacteria (3, 5 , 21). The role of Bdellovihrio in the environment has not been well established, but its primary importance may lie in the ecological balance between pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria in soil, sewage, and water (22).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As serotyping of bacterial strains has been widely accepted as useful in determining relationships among groups of bacteria, and few studies (22)(23)(24) have reported data showing relationships among bdellovibrios, an immunological study of the interrelationships among various strains of Bdellovihrio was undertaken to provide additional information which may be useful in the formation of a more unified concept of the genus Bdellovibrio.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Serotyping of Bdellovibrios by Agglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence

Schelling

Conti

1983

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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A comparative serological study was undertaken to clarify the uncertain interrelationships among various bdellovibrios. A total of 17 predacious (hostdependent) strains and 12 nonpredacious strains were serotyped. Strains were grouped into serotypes on the basis of positive agglutination and strongly positive fluorescence cross-reactions. The results of division of the strains into serogroups by these two methods were identical. Bdellovihrio starrii strain A3.12 and Bdellovibrio stolpii strain UKi2 were found to be antigenically distinct from each other and from the group of strains comprising Bdellovihrio hacteriovorus; the latter was found to be an antigenically heterogeneous group consisting of at least nine serogroups. All nonpredacious strains were found to be related antigenically to their obligately predacious counterparts. An antigen(s) common to all of the Bdellovibrio strains examined was exhibited as weakly positive fluorescence. Selected strains of Bdellovihrio were studied by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion, which confirmed the serogrouping results and provided a technically simple method of serotyping. Further immunochemical characterization of the strains of Bdellovihrio in conjunction with increased knowledge of other differences among strains will likely result in the formation of additional species of Bdellovihrio.

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confidence: 99%

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Serotyping of Bdellovibrios by Agglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence

Schelling

Conti

1983

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…This is because phage, which are specialist predators, have several big advantages. Indeed, bacteriophage are far more numerous in nature than Bdellovibrio (Kutter & Sulakvelidze 2004;Stolp 1973). This is despite the fact that phage have several disadvantages that we did not consider.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Predation strategies of the bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus result in overexploitation and bottlenecks

Summers

Kreft

2019

Preprint

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11With increasing antimicrobial resistance, alternatives for treating infections or removing resistant 12 bacteria are urgently needed, such as the bacterial predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus or 13 bacteriophage. Therefore, we need to better understand microbial predator-prey dynamics. We 14 developed mass-action mathematical models of predation for chemostats, which capture the low 15 substrate concentration and slow growth typical for intended application areas of the predators such 16 as wastewater treatment, aquaculture or the gut. Our model predicted a minimal prey size required 17 for predator survival, explaining why Bdellovibrio is much smaller than its prey. A too good predator 18 (attack rate too high, mortality too low) overexploited its prey leading to extinction (tragedy of the 19 commons). Surprisingly, a predator taking longer to produce more offspring outcompeted a predator 20 producing fewer offspring more rapidly (rate versus yield trade-off). Predation was only efficient in a 21 narrow region around optimal parameters. Moreover, extreme oscillations under a wide range of 22 conditions led to severe bottlenecks. A bacteriophage outcompeted Bdellovibrio due to its higher 23 burst size and faster life cycle. Together, results suggest that Bdellovibrio would struggle to survive 24 on a single prey, explaining why it must be a generalist predator and suggesting it is better suited to 25 environments with multiple prey than phage. 26 Summers & Kreft Predation strategies of Bdellovibrio 2 157 Since the oscillations generated by our Bdellovibrio model had a much longer period, extremely 158 abrupt rises and falls and a strong asymmetry in wave shapes compared to the typical Lotka-159 Volterra models for animal populations, we compared our model with a protist predator model by 160 Curds and Bazin [27] that generated similarly extreme but shorter period oscillations. The period of 161 the protist model could be increased to that of the Bdellovibrio model just by replacing protist with 162 Bdellovibrio kinetic parameters (SI text on Protist model, Fig. S5).

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“…is a small bacterium that preys upon other Gram-negative bacteria as a source of nutrients for reproduction [26]. They utilize few carbohydrates as efficient sources of carbon and energy and instead derive energy primarily from the degradation of host nucleic acids, proteins and lipids [27].…”

Section: Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein uptake into E. coll during Bdellovibrio infection

Saier

1994

FEBS Letters

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Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small bacterial parasite that infects other Gram-negative bacteria, resides in the periplasm of the host cell, and utilizes host macromolecules as a source of nutrients. Evidence is summarized suggesting that B. bacteriovorus secretes proteases and nucleases synthesized in its own cytoplasm that are targeted to the cytoplasm of the host cell. Possible mechanisms for this trans-trimembrane protein transport process are discussed.

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The Bdellovibrios: Bacterial Parasites of Bacteria

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Serotyping of Bdellovibrios by Agglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence

Serotyping of Bdellovibrios by Agglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence

Predation strategies of the bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus result in overexploitation and bottlenecks

Protein uptake into E. coll during Bdellovibrio infection

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