The Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis: A Critical Site of Ethanol-Induced Alterations in Neurotransmission

Lowery-Gionta, Emily G.; Kash, Thomas L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-405941-2.00005-5

Cited by 1 publication

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“…GABAergic transmission in the BNST also contributes to stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking and negative affect associated with addiction (Lebow & Chen, 2016;Lowery-Gionta & Kash, 2014). BNST is a major target of CeA projection neurons, about 80% of which are GABAergic (Gungor & Pare, 2016;Le Gal LaSalle et al, 1978;Weller & Smith, 1982).…”

Section: Section V: Gabaergic Neurotransmission and Alcohol Seekingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology of alcohol seeking behavior

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et al. 2021

Journal of Neurochemistry

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A main challenge of addiction treatment is to prevent relapse after patients achieve abstinence. Half a century ago, it was reported that more than 50% of newly abstinent patients with alcohol addiction (hereafter equated with alcoholism, alcohol dependence, or moderate -severe alcohol use disorder) relapse within three months (Hunt et al., 1971). Disappointingly, these numbers have remained largely unchanged over time (Sinha, 2011). In people suffering from alcohol addiction, stressful events, drug-associated cues and contexts, or re-exposure to a small amount of alcohol ("priming", or "the first drink") trigger a chain of behaviors that frequently culminates in relapse (Brownell et al., 1986;Hendershot et al., 2011). An urge to drink, or "craving", is often (but not always) an antecedent of relapse (Wray et al., 2014). Its causal role for initiating substance use has long been debated (Tiffany, 1990), but research has shown that the magnitude of craving in response to triggers, assessed under controlled laboratory conditions, reliably

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