The behavior of coastal communities on management of domestic wastewater in Ternate City, Indonesia

Abstract

Coastal area is a region that highly vulnerable to environmental degradation. One of the problems occurred in the coastal area in Ternate city is the number of solid and liquid household waste throws to the watershed or sea water. The different of geographical characteristics in Ternate is the focus of this study. The study took place in Kampung Makassar Timur Village that has people who have the house on the sea water and Sangadji village who live in the coastal area. This research aims to determine the behaviour of the population in residential areas who live in different geographical characteristics by calculating a total load of domestic wastewater and measuring the quality of domestic wastewater. Data collection and information collected by using questionnaires to the respondents in the study areas and following up by determining the quality of wastewater in some representative stations by laboratory analyses performed. The result shows that the behaviour of most respondents indicate the same behaviour in disposing the domestic wastewater directly to the sea because of it is an easy way to throw the wastewater, while other mentioned there is no wastewater drainage available at their place.

Domestic wastewater in Indonesia: generation, characteristics and treatment

“…Grey water samples were collected at residential outlets (Jiawkok et al 2013;Suoth and Nazir 2016;Hafiza et al 2019) or wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) inlets (Astika and Zaman 2017;Marleni et al 2020). Mixed wastewater samples were collected at WWTP inlets except in three studies (Nagu and Lessy 2020;Al-Ajalin et al 2020;Ratnawati and Sugito 2021) where they were collected at residential outlets. Black water samples were collected at residential outlets (Hafiza et al 2019) and WWTP inlets (Rochmadi et al 2010).…”

“…Numbers within parentheses indicate mean values. Single values indicate results from one studyMachdar et al 2014;Astika and Zaman 2017;Wijaya et al 2017;Rahmawati et al 2019; Yulistyorini et al 2019a, b;Nagu and Lessy 2020;Oktiawan et al 2021;Nur and Komala 2021;Ratnawati and Sugito 2021…”

Coastal Dynamics in Jayapura City, Papua

“…One study focused on the erosion rates in coastal areas of Jayapura City and found that both natural factors (such as wave energy and sediment supply) and human activities (such as sand mining and coastal infrastructure development) contribute to the erosion process [2,3,6,7,8]. Another study examined the hydrodynamic processes along the coast of Jayapura City, identifying the influence of tidal currents, wave actions, and river discharges on sediment dynamics and shoreline changes [9,10,11,12,13]. These studies also emphasized the importance of considering climate change in coastal management strategies, as rising sea levels and extreme weather events can exacerbate erosion and coastal vulnerability.…”

Formulate an incentive model to involve communities’ industries in coastal waste management, Makassar, Indonesia

“…In addition to the three-bin system, industrial businesses and other companies within Makassar have implemented several other waste management initiatives to reduce their overall environmental impact. Businesses have become increasingly aware of long-term waste's impact on the environment and have adopted practices such as increased packaging and labelling efficiency, reduced landfill dumping, and improved waste collection methods (Nagu and Lessy, 2020;Ahmad et al, 2019). It also includes using zero-waste production methods, which aim to produce a product with maximum efficiency while reducing waste.…”