The Beneficial Effect of Eco-Friendly Green Nanoparticles Using Garcinia mangostana Peel Extract against Pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes in Female BALB/c Mice

Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes is a psychrophilic bacterium, which causes widespread zoonosis in the natural environment, and mainly affects goat, sheep, and cattle herds. Recently, we predicted that it can be transmitted through food. It causes listeriosis, a severe infectious disease, which occurs with food contaminated with the pathogenic bacterium. Anti-inflammatory factors are important to treat the dangers of chronic inflammation associated with chronic diseases. Natural foodstuffs have made and are continuing to make vital contributions to the search for new antilisterial agents. The use of natural products in association with silver nanoparticles has drawn attention because of its easy, nonpathogenic, eco-friendly, and economical protocol. Hence, we aimed to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using Garcinia mangostana peel extract, which was found to be a good source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, their formation being confirmed by color change and stability in solution, and investigated the antilisterial activity of these nanoparticles in a murine model of L. monocytogenes infection. A total of 28 mice were divided into four groups—healthy control, infected, infected mice treated with green Ag-NPs biosynthesized with G. mangostana (5 mg/mL), and infected mice pretreated with Ag-NPs. From our results, oral treatment with Ag-NPs biosynthesized with G. mangostana peel extract resulted in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, and increased the levels of the antiapoptotic protein, compared with the untreated mice. These results indicate that G. mangostana may provide therapeutic value against L. monocytogenes-induced oxidative stress and histopathological alterations, and that these effects may be related to antiapoptotic and antioxidant activities.

Expansion of Intestinal Secretory Cell Population Induced by Listeria monocytogenes Infection: Accompanied With the Inhibition of NOTCH Pathway

“…This study showed that L. monocytogenes infection could lead to villi damage with H&E staining, which was closely related to the increase of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-a secretion. This corroborated the study of Alkhuriji et al that L. monocytogenes infection in mice could cause epithelial cells exfoliation and degeneration of the lamina propria and induce the production of TNF-a in the intestine (Alkhuriji et al, 2020). In addition, L. monocytogenes increased the level of LPS in the serum, which indicated that the intestinal permeability was increased (Mokkala, K. et al, 2017).…”

Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticle on pfLA and ftsL Genes Expression in Listeria monocytogenes

“…Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne bacterium that causes listeriosis, a potentially fatal condition, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems (16). In high-risk populations, the death rate of listeriosis may reach as high as 30% (17).…”

Insights into the Chemical Composition and In Vitro Bioactive Properties of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Pericarp

“…Likewise, the proanthocyanidins present in the mangosteen pericarp showed the ability to bind LPS and neutralize its cytotoxicity [43]. Furthermore, the administration of silver nanoparticle biosynthesized with mangosteen pericarp extract to mice a dosage of 5 mg/mL/day for one week was able to inhibit the development of Listeria-induced infection [44]. The body of evidence mentioned above indicates that perhaps, after more specific studies, the pericarp of mangosteen and its isolated compounds may become a natural alternative to the traditional medicines used to control inflammation.…”