The Beneficial Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Benzophenone-3-Induced Alterations in Human Skin Fibroblasts

Abstract

Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is one of the most widely used chemical sunscreens. The results of many in vitro and in vivo tests confirm its high percutaneous penetration and systemic absorption, which question the safety of its wide use. The aim of our research was to assess the effect of this compound on components of the skin extracellular matrix, and to investigate whether rosmarinic acid (RA) could reduce BP-3-induced changes in human skin fibroblasts. BP-3 used at concentrations of 0.1–100 µM caused a number of unfavorable changes in the level of type I collagen, decorin, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, elastin, and expression or activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2), elastase and hyaluronidase. Moreover, the intracellular retention of collagen was accompanied by changes in the expression of proteins modifying and controlling the synthesis and secretion of this protein. Most importantly, RA at a concentration of 100 µM significantly reduced or completely abolished the adverse effects of BP-3. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that this polyphenol may provide effective protection against BP-3-induced disturbances in skin cells, which may have important clinical implications.

Rosemary Extract-Induced Autophagy and Decrease in Accumulation of Collagen Type I in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Skin Fibroblasts

“…In our previous studies, we have shown a stimulatory effect of rosemary and lemon balm extracts, RA as well as some flavonoids on collagen biosynthesis in OI type I [ 35 , 44 ] as well as normal human skin fibroblasts [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. In these studies, the use of RA alone in a wide range of concentrations did not bring the expected effects, which may suggest the participation of other components of the rosemary extract in stimulating autophagy or its other effects.…”