The beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes on myocardial infarction and critical considerations for enhancing their efficacy

Ala, Moein

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.101980

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…EVs have important research significance in regenerative medicine and are widely used to promote the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs [ 12 , 36 , 37 ]. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of each hydrogel group on cell function using HSFs and HUVECs (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microenvironment Remodeling Self-Healing Hydrogel for Promoting Flap Survival

Ju,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Biomater Res

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Random flap grafting is a routine procedure used in plastic and reconstructive surgery to repair and reconstruct large tissue defects. Flap necrosis is primarily caused by ischemia–reperfusion injury and inadequate blood supply to the distal flap. Ischemia–reperfusion injury leads to the production of excessive reactive oxygen species, creating a pathological microenvironment that impairs cellular function and angiogenesis. In this study, we developed a microenvironment remodeling self-healing hydrogel [laminarin–chitosan-based hydrogel-loaded extracellular vesicles and ceria nanozymes (LCH@EVs&CNZs)] to improve the flap microenvironment and synergistically promote flap regeneration and survival. The natural self-healing hydrogel (LCH) was created by the oxidation laminarin and carboxymethylated chitosan via a Schiff base reaction. We loaded this hydrogel with CNZs and EVs. CNZs are a class of nanomaterials with enzymatic activity known for their strong scavenging capacity for reactive oxygen species, thus alleviating oxidative stress. EVs are cell-secreted vesicular structures containing thousands of bioactive substances that can promote cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and angiogenesis. The constructed LCH@EVs&CNZs demonstrated a robust capacity for scavenging excess reactive oxygen species, thereby conferring cellular protection in oxidative stress environments. Moreover, these constructs notably enhance cell migration and angiogenesis. Our results demonstrate that LCH@EVs&CNZs effectively remodel the pathological skin flap microenvironment and marked improve flap survival. This approach introduces a new therapeutic strategy combining microenvironmental remodeling with EV therapy, which holds promise for promoting flap survival.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microenvironment Remodeling Self-Healing Hydrogel for Promoting Flap Survival

Ju,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Biomater Res

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“…MSCs have also been used for the alleviation of post-MI myocardial tissue injury, MSCs possess abilities for the generation of differentiated connective tissue cell progeny, mitigation, and modulation of the inflammatory response [ 131 ]. Various animal studies have been conducted to test the effect of MSC on alleviating MI sequelae.…”

Section: Stem and Progenitor Cell Therapies For Ischemic Heart Diseas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

To Repair a Broken Heart: Stem Cells in Ischemic Heart Disease

Stougiannou,

Christodoulou,

Dimarakis

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Despite improvements in contemporary medical and surgical therapies, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a significant cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality; more specifically, ischemic heart disease (IHD) may affect individuals as young as 20 years old. Typically managed with guideline-directed medical therapy, interventional or surgical methods, the incurred cardiomyocyte loss is not always completely reversible; however, recent research into various stem cell (SC) populations has highlighted their potential for the treatment and perhaps regeneration of injured cardiac tissue, either directly through cellular replacement or indirectly through local paracrine effects. Different stem cell (SC) types have been employed in studies of infarcted myocardium, both in animal models of myocardial infarction (MI) as well as in clinical studies of MI patients, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), Muse cells, multipotent stem cells such as bone marrow-derived cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSC/CPCs). These have been delivered as is, in the form of cell therapies, or have been used to generate tissue-engineered (TE) constructs with variable results. In this text, we sought to perform a narrative review of experimental and clinical studies employing various stem cells (SC) for the treatment of infarcted myocardium within the last two decades, with an emphasis on therapies administered through thoracic incision or through percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), to elucidate possible mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects of such cell therapies when employed in a surgical or interventional manner.

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“…In summary, exosomes derived from regenerative cell types such as cardiac progenitors and mesenchymal stem cells represent a promising new approach to stimulating myocardial regeneration after injury. However, additional research is needed to determine the full potential of these materials for cardiac repair 105 , 106 . Challenges remain in exosome isolation methods, the optimization of exosome cargo, scaling production, and improving delivery/retention.…”

Section: Applications Of Exosome-loaded Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration

Hu,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Theranostics

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Exosomes, which are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and released by many cell types, are widely dispersed and have garnered increased attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to serve as indicators of diseases and agents with therapeutic potential. Exosomes play a crucial role in mediating intercellular communication through the transfer of many biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, RNA, and other molecular constituents, between cells. The targeted transport of proteins and nucleic acids to specific cells has the potential to enhance or impair specific biological functions. Exosomes have many applications, and they can be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic approaches. The examination of the unique attributes and many functions of these factors has emerged as a prominent field of study in the realm of biomedical research. This manuscript summarizes the origins and properties of exosomes, including their structural, biological, physical, and chemical aspects. This paper offers a complete examination of recent progress in tissue repair and regenerative medicine, emphasizing the possible implications of these methods in forthcoming tissue regeneration attempts.

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The beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes on myocardial infarction and critical considerations for enhancing their efficacy

Cited by 19 publications

References 132 publications

Microenvironment Remodeling Self-Healing Hydrogel for Promoting Flap Survival

Microenvironment Remodeling Self-Healing Hydrogel for Promoting Flap Survival

To Repair a Broken Heart: Stem Cells in Ischemic Heart Disease

Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration

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