The Benefits of Calorie Restriction and Calorie Restriction Mimetics as Related to the Eye

Anekonda, T.S.

doi:10.2174/1876326x00903010028

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 114 publications

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“…Since β-HB could be an effective therapy for a variety of diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease 15 28 29 30 31 , approaches to increase β-HB concentration safely are worth pursuing. For example, some caloric restriction mimetic such as resveratrol and sulforaphane might have similar benefits on neuroprotection 38 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caloric restriction promotes cell survival in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma

Guo

Kimura

Azuchi

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Glaucoma is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. We previously reported that loss of glutamate transporters (EAAC1 or GLAST) in mice leads to RGC degeneration that is similar to normal tension glaucoma and these animal models are useful in examining potential therapeutic strategies. Caloric restriction has been reported to increase longevity and has potential benefits in injury and disease. Here we investigated the effects of every-other-day fasting (EODF), a form of caloric restriction, on glaucomatous pathology in EAAC1−/− mice. EODF suppressed RGC death and retinal degeneration without altering intraocular pressure. Moreover, visual impairment was ameliorated with EODF, indicating the functional significance of the neuroprotective effect of EODF. Several mechanisms associated with this neuroprotection were explored. We found that EODF upregulated blood β-hydroxybutyrate levels and increased histone acetylation in the retina. Furthermore, it elevated retinal mRNA expression levels of neurotrophic factors and catalase, whereas it decreased oxidative stress levels in the retina. Our findings suggest that EODF, a safe, non-invasive, and low-cost treatment, may be available for glaucoma therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caloric restriction promotes cell survival in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma

Guo

Kimura

Azuchi

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Dietary caloric restriction protects experimental autoimmune uveitis by regulating Teff/Treg balance

Li,

Duan,

Jiang

et al. 2024

iScience

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Etiology of posterior subcapsular cataracts based on a review of risk factors including aging, diabetes, and ionizing radiation

Richardson

Ainsbury

Prescott

et al. 2020

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose: Since the exact development of posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSCs) is poorly understood, we review various risk factors and propose a two-stage etiology for PSCs. Methods: The biological mechanisms associated with age-related cataracts (primarily nuclear cataracts, cortical cataracts and PSCs) were reviewed in relation to selected risk factors that induce PSCs (including atopy, diabetes, hypoparathyroidism, myopia, retinitis, solar radiation, steroid use, uveitis, vitrectomy and ionizing radiation). We particularly focused on ionizing radiation, as this is known to be a risk factor specific to PSCs. Based on an analysis of the reviewed material, we propose a detailed explanation of the etiology of PSCs. Conclusions: Lens epithelial cells (LECs) and lens fiber cells are normally hypoxic and therefore very sensitive to changes in oxidative stress, as quantified by the radiation oxygen effect. We hypothesize that the development of PSC opacities is a two-stage process. Stage I, early in life, is driven by risk factors that promote oxidative stress and ion-pump disruption, harming lens fibers and causing aberrant LECs to proliferate and ectopically migrate as Wedl cells (perhaps by processes associated with an epithelial to mesenchymal transition) to the posterior pole region. After a latent period, in Stage II, the development of PSCs advances mainly due to chronic inflammation and other premature aging-related mechanisms that promote mature vacuolar or plaque PSC. This two-stage hypothesis of PSC etiology accounts for risk factors, such as aging, diabetes and ionizing radiation, which directly affects LECs and the lens. In addition, these risk factors can damage other ocular regions, such as the retina and vitreous, that also indirectly contribute to the development of PSCs. It is possible that the incidence of PSCs may be reduced by reversing the effects of Stage I through various means, including ocular antioxidants.

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The Benefits of Calorie Restriction and Calorie Restriction Mimetics as Related to the Eye

Cited by 6 publications

References 114 publications

Caloric restriction promotes cell survival in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma

Caloric restriction promotes cell survival in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma

Dietary caloric restriction protects experimental autoimmune uveitis by regulating Teff/Treg balance

Etiology of posterior subcapsular cataracts based on a review of risk factors including aging, diabetes, and ionizing radiation

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